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12 PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA. MONDAY MORNING. APRIL 2

[column 1]
ESTABLISHED 1836.
PUBLIC [image: logo] LEDGER
GEORGE W. CHILDS
Editor and Proprietor from 1864 to 1894.
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Published every morning at PUBLIC LEDGER Bldg.
By PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY:
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John Gribbel, Vice President; George W
Ochs, Secretary and Treasurer; Chas H.
Ludington, Phillip S. Collins, Directors
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Cunningham, Associate Editor: G. Warfield
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PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1913.
_________________________________
SENATOR PENROSE REPREHEND-
ETH YE "STEAM ROLLER."
Senator Penrose in the interesting
interview printed in yesterday's PUBLIC
LEDGER makes a spirited attack upon
the Democractic method of framing a
tariff bill in a close caucus and the
refusal to grant anything like adequate
hearings upon doubtful sections in
most important schedules. Mr. Pen-
rose denounces the Democrats for their
aggresive, downright, tyrannous prac-
tice; declares that when the bill comes
before the Senate he proposes to have
a thorough debate, and asserts that the
"steam roller" which the oposition is
now using so ruthlessly is a rough and
brutal tool, unscientific and anachro-
nistic.

It is to be hoped that Mr. Penrose
will insist upon a discussion; the House
will also undoubtedly debate the bill;
it is too true that the accepted methods
of framing tariff bills, whether they be
named McKinley orDingley, or Payne-
aldrich or Underwood, are not defen-
sible. There is scarcely any doubt that
the method employed by Mr. Emery,
of Mr. Taft's tariff board, is infinitely
safer and more businesslike than the
plan that has been followed since tariff
bills have been made in this country.

Get the facts; collate and digest
them; study the industries here and
abroad; find the cost of production;
compare efficiency, contrast the wages
and other factors and then attempt in
a deliberative fashion to reach a def-
inite conclusion based on truth and
the facts.

That is the scientific method not only
proposed but actually carried out by
the Taft tariff board, and if the Demo-
crats remain in power they, too, must
in future adopt such plan. If at
this time a steam roller is rumbling
down the highways of trade and com-
merce who must take the responsi-
bility? Mr Penrose cannot escape his
share of it: the Republican party must
accept its share; the old "standpat"
dyed-in-the-wool regulars long in con-
trol of Mr. Penrose's party must bear
the onus. Paye and Aldrich, Cannon
and Penrose, Mann and Dalzell—they
and men like them, the dominant
figures in the Republican party—
brought about the present tariff re-
vision, and it is due to them also that
steam rollers and not tariff boards are
shaping tariff bills.

If Mr. Penrose had talked in this
resonable and statesmanlike way
when the Payne-Aldrich tariff bill was
being forced through he would have
been rendering a real service to his
party and to his country. Steam rollers?
All tariff bills are jammed through by
steam-roller methods and when the
Payne-Aldrich bill us under discus-
sion the lumbering machine rolled over
not only the Democrats but even the
Republican [?]

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a scientific plan for the nonpartisan
handling of tariff bills. In the present
exigency they must accept a Demo-
cratic bill framed just about like all
other tariff bills; and if, as Mr. Penrose
says, there is apprehension, that is be-
because in this serious endeavor the
path is "so slippery that the fear's as
bad as falling."
____________________________
THE MORGAN WILL.
There is found in the will of J. P.
Morgan no bounteous provision for
great charitable enterprises. He left
his name by philanthropic disposition
of funds which, in the fulfilment of
human destiny, were to be no longer of
use to him. There is in the document
no quibble with his conscience, no evi-
dence of intent to buy by legacy his
way into the Kingdom of Heaven.

He had given largely while he lived
where giving did the most good and
he left a perpetual heritage to his
country in the form of an accumla-
tion of art treasures which more than
rivals the trophies of Napoleon's vic-
tories; for, though in the disposition
of it, as in the disposition of all else,
he emphasized his confidence in his
executors and heirs by refusing to bind
them with conditions, his wish will be
sufficient to render the several collec-
tions "permanently available for the
instruction and pleasure of the Ameri-
can people." They are thus his lega-
tees to the extent of more than half
his fortune.

There is a wonderful humanness in
the document. He remembers all of
his servants, some close friends to
whom an increased income will be a
real benefit, all of his business em-
ployes, and provides that those whom
he has accustomed to aid regu-
larly shall continue to receive assist-
ance from his estate. And he has
brought the world up short in its mad
worship of materialism, for he who
seemed to the unthinking public to be
the very embodiment of that ideal, in
the first sentence of his last testament
lease unto his heirs and through
them to the world, his richest legacy
his own belief in the insufficiency of
man and the all-sufficiency of God. It
is an extraordinary and striking utter-
ance. It is a trumpet call and a chal-
lenge to Christianity. "I commit my
soul into the hands of my Savior."
___________________________
A FAR-REACHING MOVEMENT.

The PUBLIC LEDGER most earnestly
invites the attention of its readers to
the appeal which the joint organization
for Equalizing Industrial Opportunities
and the League of Civic and Political
Reform is making another part of
this issue for funds to conduct the rev-
olutionary movement which it is under-
taking in behalf of the negro race.
Those back of this movement have
spent years and years, at great per-
sonal sacrifice, in evolving the prin-
ciples upon which it seeks to operate.
No appeals for funds were ever made
till they were in a position to put these
theories into immediate and practical
operation. There is none of the radical,
bizarre or spectacular in this effort.
Those back of it are noted for their
staid conservatism and sober common-
sense.

The generosity of the public has of
late been taxed to the utmost for char-
ities of various kinds, and because of
the dire calamities which have befallen
the country. But the needs of this
organization are excedingly modest.
So simple are its plans that $5000 will
cover its present demands, and prob-
ably place it in a position to make
this its last as well as its first public
appeal for funds.

The conditions which inspire this
movement represent a rising flood
of antipathy and antagonism between the
races which if not checked will eventu-
ally create a lamentable and dan-
gerous situation which will prove a

[column 3]
permanent solution of the difficulty be
obtained.

The fault lies in what may be called
a "joker" in the Constitution. It has
been decided that a treaty is the su-
preme law of the land. Yet treaties
are made without the consent of tthe
popular house at Washington. It is
within the poer of the President and
the Senate to make pacts that will
entirely viliate the whole revenue sys-
tem, impair or destroy the reserved
rights of several States and render
ineffective legislation which Congress
as a whole may have made.

It is rumored that this phase of the
situation has appealed forcibly to the
President and the Secretary of State
and that such treaties as are here-
after offered to the Senate for ratifica-
tion will contain a clause to the effect
that no provision of it shall be con-
strued to as as an annulment of the
general law of the Union or to vitiate
the rights which the several States,
under the Constitution, have reserved
to themselves. Be that as it may, a
new treaty with Japan is imperative
or renewed efforts for exculsion in
California will precipitate other and
more dangerous crimes. What is
wanted now is breathing space and it
will not discredit this great nation or
Californiat to act with extreme patience
in an effort to calm Oriental hysteria.
The administration simply needs time
in which to settle decisively, through
diplomacy, the status of the Japanese
in the United States.
________________________________
THE KRUPP SCANDAL IN GERMANY.

The charges brought by the Socialist
Deputy Liebknecht, in the Reichstag,
that the great Krupp works at Essen
have been maintaining secret and
irregular communications with the German
War Department have lost none of
their effectiveness by the admission of
the Krupps that they maintained
"friendly relations" with the Govern-
ment for the purpose of "obtaining
business information," and even "ex-
erted pressure" on certain subordinates.
It has generally been supposed in this
country that the Krupp estalishment
was a quasi-governmental institution,
in the full confidence of the established
authorities and in a position to obtain
what information is desired. The con-
trary is true, however, and Germany
is gasping at a revelation of corrup-
tion of the type which is popularly sup-
posed in Europe to exist only in the
United States.

Just how far the revelations will
chill the enthusiasm of the ardent
patriots who have been shouting for
the new war levies is conjectural, but
as the Krupp establishment would
profit tremendously by the proposed
expenditures it may be that national
resentment will express itself in decisive
demonstrations in opposition to the
whole programme of the Government.
Impartiality and frankness in the in-
vestigation under way may soothe
public opinion, but any disposition to
substitute scapegoats for the real
offeners is likely to provoke a political
crisis.
___________________________________
A significant tendency in the various
States is the larger use of direct taxa-
tion. For instance, Ohio will get its
$700,000 a year to pay the pensions for
mothers by a tax of one-tenth of a mill.
Good roads have doubled the direct taxes
of several States. In other States there
are efforts to get a direct tax for agri-
culture, as much as a mill. The direct
tax makes itself known rather more
bluntly than the other kinds of taxation
and it has educational value.
_________________________________
Unnecessary Judges, dual officeholders,
legislative sinecures and the whole list
of extravagance and worse make the self-
respecting Pennsylvanian turn his eyes
away from Harrisburg and wonder when
this State will ever be redeemed from the
spoilers.
_________________________________
Boston's Chamber of Commerce is send-
ing fifty business men to investigate the
trade opportunities of [?]

[column 4]
TOPICS OF THE TOWN

Philadelphia's filtration plant
has cost pehaps $30,000,000. It looks
like a big sum of money, but this
town never before made a better mone-
tary investment. Pure water has reduced
the death rate at least by three in every
one thousand inhabitants. It has resulted
in preventing double that numver of cases
of sickness.

There are now in Philadelphia 1,750,000
people. A saving of three lives in every
one thousand of population each year
means more than 5000 lives. Double that
many cases of sickness or 10,000 in addi-
tion to the deaths have been prevented.

It is difficult to estimate just how
much in money 5000 deaths and 10,000 ad-
ditional cases of sickness amount to.
The average for each death, I am in-
formed by veteran physicians, sould ex-
ceed $200 and for each other case of sick--
ness $100. Thus a former money loss of
$2,000,000 is saved, which is more than 6
per cent, on the total cost of the filtration
plant.

But who can begin to estimate the
saving in suffering and money? And yet
when the filtration works were put in
there was a great outcry about the ex-
pense. Just now we hear a similar de-
nunciation of the cost of the Broad street
subway. But that too, will prove a cheap
investment. When you multiply the time
saved each day by one person going up
or down town, by the scores of thousands
whose minutes will be saved, it will far
outmatch the interest on $43,000,000 of orig-
inal cost.

Was it ever your misfortune to have
to visit a physician? If so, I'm
sure you must have been impressed by
the great number of other persons who
were similarly afflicted. Did you ever go
into a popular doctor's waiting room and
not find someone waiting ahead of you
and more coming after you? You never
did. I feel confident in saying that.
There is a constant procession in and
out.

Now it happens that there are a couple
of thousand physicians in this city, all
more or less popular, at least, until it
comes to to pay your bill. In each one
of these offices people throng. So it must
happen every morning say at 10 o'clock
that there are from five to ten thousand
persons in doctor's waiting rooms at one
time. It would seem as if half the town
were being invalided.

It is no reflection upon the medical
profession when I say that, measured
alone by the number of visitors, the town
never appears to recover. The throng
continues as big as ever.

In one doctor's outer office there are
15 chairs, so he himself tells me, for I
have not seen them, and often a waiting
patient sits upon each of them.

I wonder if the crowds would grow less
if the Chinese method were introduced.
There the physicians are paid to keep
people well and not to cure them after
they become ill.

A COUNTRYMAN came to the city and
was struck with the fact that many
persons seemed to prefer to buy high-
priced things just because they were high
priced. This set him to thinking. He
knew something about making candy.

Why not, inquired him of himself, make
a good quality of candy and then ask
from 25 to 50 cents more for it
than any other candy in the market?
If folks damand simply a high price, why
not give it to them?

Acting on that idea he produced a
candy of about the same quality that
other confectioners sold, but made the
price so much higher that many persons
imaged it must be of a far superior
brand. That idea of advertising a com-
modity by merely charging an exorbitant
price for it made him successful and
rich. People were humbugged by the
price tag.

THE AMERICAN flight to Europe has
started again in earnest. Each
spring witnesses an exodus of people with
fat letters of credit. Each late summer
and autumn sees them homne again with
a lean letter, but a new sensation or two.
country's capital, because foreign trav-
elers carry abroad as much as 100,000,000
every year. It is a big drain on the
country's capital, because foreign trav-

[column 5]
AN APPEAL FOR FUNDS IN
BEHALF OF THE NEGRO RACE.
At Least $5000 is needed Immedi-
ately to Begin Campaign to
Curb Vicous Elements.

There are, perhaps, few persons whose feel-
ings toward the negro race have not been
adversely affected becasue of the venal,
vicious, rowdy and ruffianly elements among
them. No one will seriously deny that it is
largely because of this relatively small but
conspicuous element that the race is being
more and more subjected to every form of
discrimination and proscription. This being a
fact, it logically follows that these hardships
can be assauged only in proportion as the
factors producing them are overcome.

The joint organization of the Association
of Equalizing Industrial Opportunities and
the League of Civic and Political Reform,
representing the crystallized thought and labor
of a lifetime, has the dual purpose of con-
straining the refractory elements among
negroes to conform to the laws of decency
and order and of broadening the opportunities
of that race to work for an honest living.
This organization is founded on the proposi-
tion that the only possible means of righteous-
ly adjusting relations between the races lies
in upright negroes combining especially
through their churches, to curb such disturb-
ing elements as are mentioned above, and in
upright white people agreeing, especially
through their churches, to apply such rules
of social and economic justice in their dealings
with negroes as measurably accord with the
accepted ideas of Christian civilization.

Applying these principles, the League of
Civic and Political Reform will co-operate
with municipal authorities in eradicating from
among negroes all questionable reports, habit-
ual corner lounging, rowdyism and public in-
decency. It also will urge that all negroes
who are habitual idlers from choice be either
forced to earn an honest living or subjected
to prosecution as common vagrants. The Asso-
ciation for Equalizing Industrial Opportuni-
ties will take up jointly with the owners and
employees of specified industrial concerns the
question of merited recognition of colored
labor.

For the purpose of opening and maintaining
headquarters, extending the cause, disseminat-
ing literature and maintaining copentent
workers, this organization is in pressing need
of at least $5000. The undersigned persons,
who are thoroughly conversant with the plans
and scope of this movement, believe that
for alleviating the every-day problems of the
negro, improving public relations between the
races and advancing the cause of good gov-
ernment it represents a work of boundless
value which the vital interests of society must
sustain in sheer self defense.

All contributions should be sent in the
PUBLIC LEDGER, which will deposit the final
amount in trust for this organization, to be
withdrawn only through the joint written in-
structions of Dr. A. J. Rowland, secretary of
the American Baptist Publication Society,
1701 Chestnut street; Henry W. Wilbur, sec-
retary of the Annual Conference of Friends,
139 North Fifteenth street, and Dr. John W.
Lee, pastor of the first African Presbyterian
Church, 741 South Seventeenth street, who by
special request of the promoters of this cause
will supervise the expenditure of every cent.

FRANK P. PARKIN, superintendent Cen-
tral District, Philadelphia Conference Meth-
odist Episcopal Church.

Dr. A. J. ROWLAND, secretary American
Baptist Publication Society.

HENRY W. WILBUR, secretary Annual
Conference of Friends.

JOHN WATHORN, pastor Central Methodist
Episcopal Church.

C. A. TINDLEY, past Calvary Methodist
Episcopal Church.

JOHN W. LEE, pastor First African Pres-
byterian Chuch.

P. A. WALLACE, pastor Zion Wesley Afri-
can Methodist Episcopal Church.
_________________________________________
SUNDAY "COMICS"
Comment Upon Their Discontinuance
in the "Public Ledger."

To the Editor of the Public Ledger:

Sir—The letters to the PUBLIC LEDGER so con-
sistently approving the discontinuance of the
Sunday comics remind me of when I was a
kid and, with other kids, played pots and com-
mons on a lot owned by a man said to have
been 65 years old. Well, here's how old he
was to us—we peppered his knuckles as hard
as we did ours. Now, opposite lived some peo-
ple who objected to us for our noise, but being
on private property with permission they were
helpless to remove us. Yet, secretly, they
purchased that lot and a church was built
upon it.

I meet these boys, now men, and chatting
over those days, we never can decide whether
those people bought that lot to get rid of us
or of that gray-haired "kid."

BEN COLL.
Philadelphia, April 16, 1913

To the Editor of the Public Ledger:
Sir—When first we missed getting what the
little folks call the "funny part" of the Pub-
lic Ledger we supposed it mislaid in some
way, but since we have learned it is discon-
tinued we are satisfied that it is for the best