Page 3

fourth year after planting, take one strong cane of the bearing vine raised for this purpose, close to the root of the vine, make a
little ditch with the hoe or spade from 4 to 6 inches deep in the row up to the center between your two bearing vines; let this cane
stick about one foot out of the ground, and after covering your ditch, cut it off; as I said one foot above the ground, this I will call
the first reverse. Let from this grow three unchecked vines ; two of them are for fruiting the next year and can be cut long to give
a good crop of fruit. The third cane is for the second reverse

Cut your first reverse lose in the Spring from the mother vine ; let the mother vine bear a good crop or two, if you choose as
the case may be, then chop it away to give room for the second or third reverse.

Let us go back now to the second reverse. Take the third cane of the first reverse, lay it across the row up to the center of the
row, as before described, 4 to 6 inches deep, and one foot above the ground, cut it off.

Now you have instead of one, two rose of vines. Let again three canes grow of the second reverse,-- two fruiting and one for
the third reverse. The third reverse is made by layering the cane of the second reverse in the new row up to the center of the new
row, and treat it the same way as the other reverses were treated. The fourth reverse is made by taking a cane, (in the second year
after fruiting,) from the first reverse, and after chopping the original mother vine out, to become the mothers place, one-third of
the vines or as the case may be one-fourth are removed every year by chopping out and thus making room for other reverses, and
so on till "The Day of Judgment."

You will have in this way, by little labor and without any doctoring, always a new and vigorous Vineyard, free from disease,
and paying well for your labor, superior fruit and wine. IT may be that in some slower growers than Catawba and Concords, that
you can make the reverse only every 2 years, but good healthy vines in good soil and locality will stand the reverse almost every year.

This is mainly written or recommended for Catawba and other varieties of great value, but adopted and inclined to rot. When-
ever a variety proves free from disease, grow it as long as you can profitably without reverse. But one thing is sure, the finest fruits
always grow with me on young vines. So a gentleman said to day, it was with Peaches in the Southern part of our State.

I hope that every one who grows a Catawba vine, or any other vine inclined to rot, will give my new system a fair trial, and re-
port publicly the result. Anything not plainly understood, I will explain, on application, with the greatest pleasure. My object is
hard-working man ; and if this, my new discovery, shall do them good it will make me happy.

Your Friend,

Dr. H. Schroder.

BLOOMINGTON, Illinois, January, 1866/

-----

Record of Cost and Profits of Grape Culture.

THIS IS FOR THE PRESENT TIME
COST OF ONE ACRE OF CATAWBA.

[This estimate is made for most all the Western States.]

Prepare the land by double deep plowing, according to my
system above described................................................$ 20 00

600 No. 1 two year old Plants, to be planted 6 by 12 ft., in
order to renew one third of the vines every year, to keep
them vigorous, young, and to prevent mildew and rof, $8
per hundred, makes...................................................... 48 00

600 Vine Poles, 10 ft. high, 2 inches thick, 5 cts. each ...... 30 00

600 poles for Reverse Vines, 5 ft. high, 2 cts. each, .......... 12 00

Attendance during two years ......................................... 50 00
--
$160 00

Profits of the above One Acre of Catawba.

First year plant between the rows, in the centre, one row of
Strawberry plants and cultivate ; the runners made dur-
ing Summer will pay for outlay of plants and labor.

Second year, by good attendance, will yield 1200 quarts of
Strawberries, at 12 1/2 cts. per quart .............................$ 150 00

Third year, 800 quarts of Strawberries, at 12 1/2 cts........... 100 00

2000 lbs. of Grapes, at 15 cts............................................ 300 00
--
$500 00

Now take your strawberry plants up and sell the young plants
or plow them under.

Fourth Year.-- Now your Vineyard begins to bear a full crop ;
lay one arm of the bearing Vines down, 4 inches deep. the end of
the layer to come up middle-way between two vines of the row,
(See Essay, "New System of Grape Culture."

Fourth Year-- 8000 lbs. of Grapes, at 15 cts...................$ 1200 00

The clippings of the vines you may sell in the form of cuttings,
or have a little spot to put them out and raise plants for sale, and
thus will bring you an income of $200 to $400-- enough to pay for
all the work of the Vineyard yearly.

So it goes on for 50 or 100 years, if you keep your vines always
reversed-- that is, young. If you have no market for your grapes,
make them into wine. Twelve lbs. of good Grapes will make a
gallon of Wine, worth now from $1 50 to $ a gallon

COST OF AN ACRE OF CONCORD VINEYARD.

An acre of Concord Vineyard costs about $40 more than of Ca-
twbas, or say....................................................................$200 00

Profits on an Acre of Concord Vineyard.

Do the same as with the Catawba. and raise Strawberries be-
tween the rows. First year the surplus Strawberry plants will
pay for the labor.

Second year will yield 1200 quarts of Strawberries...........$150 00

From the clippings of the Vines, 10,000 cuttings worth 100 00
--
$250 00

If you will grow these cuttings into young plants, you will make
ten time as much out of the Vines.

Third year, 800 quarts Strawberries ................................ 100 00
3000 lbs. of Grapes at 15 cts. .......................................... 450 00
15000 cuttings from the clippings .................................. 150 00
--
$700 00

Or if you grow plants from them, you will make at least
$800 out of the cuttings, which will make.......................1350 00

Fourth year, 6000 lbs. of Grapes at 15 ct. ....................... 900 00

20,000 cuttings............................................................ 200 00
--
$1100 00

If you grow the cuttings into plants you can make $1000
or say .......................................................................$ 800 00

Making .................................................................... 1900 00

so it goes on every year, if you keep the Vineyard young ad vigorous.

Norton's Virginia

will pay still more than the Concord, and the Delaware, Hartford Prolific, Diana
Perkins, and many other good Table Grapes, will pay always well.

Clinton and Ives Seedling

Will pay better even than Concord for Wine, as their juice is dark red. the Wine has
a good price, and after the first pressing, you can water the Hulls with Grape Sugar
Water and make a splendid drink, equal to some Missouri and California Wines. I
call these "STRETCHED WINES," and wish my friends may adopt this peculiar and
fancy name.

I have a little work on Grape Culture and Wine Making under the pen, and will
give the "Stretched Wines" and their History a long chapter, without regard as to
whom I may please, tickle or hurt.

My friends may be assured that in case of enquiry to me, they shall have all the
benefit of my experience and my future hopes of Grape Culture,

The Public's Obedient Servant,

Dr. H. Schroder.

BLOOMINGTON, Illinois, January 1st, 1867.