Princeton Expeditions to Syria (1899, 1904-1905, 1909)

Index - Part IV.

Apamêa p.6 Bâra p. 42 Baʿuda p. 40 Bīnîn p. 69 Btersa p. 53 Dâna (lower) p. 77 Dier Sambil p. 70 Djebel Ḥass p. 79 Djerâdi p. 74 Djisril-Medjdal p. 3 Frîkyā p. 72 Hammâmid Djêdj p. 73 Ḥâṣṣ p. 14 Hass-Djebelil p. 79 Isriyeh p. 97 Kal'at il Mudîk p. 6 Kal'at Sedjar p. 5 Ḳaṣr Zebed p. 96 Kefr Anbil p. 22 Kefrinneh p. 55 Khanâsir p. 82 Khirbil Ḥâss p. 23 Kinnisrin p. 80 Larissa p. 5 Maʿarit Bêṭar p. 21 Maʿarit Mâtir p. 14 Mektebeh p. 80 Mohâra p. 56 Midjleyeh p. 47 Muʿallak p. 86 Rbʿêa p. 30 Ruwêḥā p. 60 Serdjilla p. 32 Siqhâra p. 69 Shenan p. 72 Ḳaṣr Zebed p. 90

Churches Bâra p.44 IV-VI Baʿuda p.40 IV Bīnîn p.69 V Brersa p.53 Dier Sambil p.70 IV Djebel il-Ḥâṣṣ VI Djeradi p.74 V Ḥâṣṣ p.17 IV? Ḳaṣr Zebed p.96 Khirbil Ḥâss p.23 IV Midjleyeh p.47-48 IV Muʿallak p. 87-88-89 VI Rbʿêa p.80 IV Ruwêḥā p.60-62 IV&VI Serdjilla p.32 IV Zebed p. 91-93 VI Total 20

Basilicas Apamea p.11 Zebed p.94

Temples Maàrrit Bêtar p.21 Isriyeh p.97

Villas Khirbil Hass Serdjilla Ruwêḥā

Baths Bâra Midjleyeh Serdjilla

Tombs Bâra p.42-43 Baʿuda p.41 Dâna p.77 Frîkyāp.72 Hammâmid Djêdj p.73 Ḥâṣṣ p.18-19-20 Khanâṣir p.83 Maʿarit Mâtir p.14 Mohâra p.56 Ruwêḥā p.66-67 Serdjilla p.39

14

Ḥâss Mch 20-24 March 20-24, 1900

Leaving Ḳalʿat il Muḍîḳ we moved toward the north coming almost at once into the mountain district of the Djebel Zâwiyeh. After the first ascent we came upon a broad nearly level plateau which extends well to the north. Enroute we passed extensive ancient quarries which had doubtless furnished building stone for Apamea

Tomb. About three quarters of an hour before reaching Ḥâss we passed through a village called Maʿarit Mâtir. Just south of the village we found an interesting tomb, partly excavated and partly built. A deep chamber was excavated in the solid rock. Three sides were then provided with deep arched arcosolia and a barrel vault of stone was added as a roof. The tomb was situated on a gentle slope but there seems to have been no entrance on a level with the bottom of the tomb. The vault which, in the rear, had its crown buried in the hill opened on the lower side and was the only entrance.

15

The site of Ḥâss is now occupied by a small village built largely of fragments of the old town many of which had been used during the middle ages for a Saracenic town with a mosque. For these Saracenic structures, all the houses of the ancient town were destroyed, at least as much of them as was above the surface. But large substructures, quite unlike any we have seen in Syria exist in a number of places showing that they were the rule in this district.

The character of the strata in this particular region seems likely to have produced this feature of construction. The solid limestone rock is here covered with a thin stratum of chalky limestone which breaks in through horizontal layers. Between these strata there are in many places large low caverns so that it was impossible to build directly upon the surface. The builders therefore were obliged to excavate through the upper stratum and lay their foundations upon the solid rock. This formed a large area like a cellar which they arched over and laid large

Ḥâṣṣ

[plan, church]

Scale .50cm = 1m.