213

HISTORICAL ANNOTATION 841

east to participate in the Harpers Ferry raid. He was killed by U.S. Marines assaulting
the raiders' last stronghold. Oliver Perry Anderson (1830-72) was a free black born in
West Fallowfield, Pennsylvania. He had migrated to Canada where he became a printer.
He enlisted in Brown's party at the time of the 1858 convention in Chatham, Canada
West. Anderson escaped capture after the failure of the raid on Harpers Ferry. Seeking
sanctuary in Canada, he wrote A Voice from Harpers Ferry, detailing his account of the
raid. Anderson served in the Union army and then resided in Washington, D.C. Oates,
To Purge This Land, 243, 246, 261, 298-300; Villard, John Brown, 681, 685.

251.17 12th of November, 1859] According to the New York Herald, the steam-
ship Nova Scotian left from Quebec for Liverpool on the morning of 12 November
1859, briefly anchoring in Kamouraska the same evening because of a snowstorm.
New York Herald, 15 November 1859.

251.18 Captain Borland] The Glasgow Herald identifies the captain of the Nova
Scotian as Borland. Douglass does not mention the steamship captain's name in his
letter dated 18 November 1859 to Frederick Douglass' Paper, Glasgow Herald, 25
November 1859; FDP, 16 December 1859.

251.18 Allan line] Founded in 1819 by Captain Alexander Allan (1780-1854),
the Allan Line became known as the Montreal Ocean Steamship Company after the
latter's formation in 1854 by Alexander's son Sir Hugh Allan (1810-82), a Scottish
immigrant who moved to Montreal in 1826 to enter the shipping business. The com-
pany gained a reputation for its innovatively designed steamships, which included the
Canadian, the North American, the Anglo-Saxon, and the Nova Scotian, and in 1856
the company was contracted by the Canadian government to deliver mail from
Montreal to Liverpool. As a result of increasing financial difficulties around the turn
of the century, the Allan Line was sold to the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1909.
Arthur J. Maginnis, The Atlantic Ferrry: Its Ships, Men, and Working, 3d ed. (New
York, 1900), 72-73, 210; James H. Marsh, The Canadian Encyclopedia, 3d ed.
Toronto, 2000), 65-66.

251.21-23 in Canada. . .to Virginia] On 9 August 1842 the Webster-Ashburton
Treaty was signed in Washington, which enforced a number of extradition laws
between the U.S. and the British Canadian colonies. According to Article X of the
treaty, officers in both regions were granted the authority to arrest individuals charged
with murder, assault, piracy, arson, or robbery. Hugh Taylor Gordon, The Treaty of
Washington, Concluded August 9, 1842, by Daniel Webster and Lord Ashburton
(Berkeley, Calif., 1908), 1, 76-77.

252.4 On reaching Liverpool] The Nova Scotian arrived at Liverpool on 24
November 1859, after fog detained the steamship at the mouth of the River Mersey
on the previous morning. London Daily News, 25 November 1859.

252.12-13 publicly declared that. . .at any cost."] A paraphrase of a public address
made by Governor Henry A. Wise. The speech was reprinted in FDP, 5 January 1860.

252.14-15 George M. Dallas] George Mifflin Dallas (1792-1864), Philadelphia-
born lawyer and Democratic politician, served as vice president (1845-49) under