105

1908 Nov 29
Logic
I.i. 8

The Aristotelians defined it as knowing anything in its causes, i. e.
in its matter, its form or essence, its efficient cause, and its purpose or
function. This continued to be the meaning of the word until well into the
days of modern science. The second definition that the word 'science'
received, I have been able (in lack of books) to trace back further than Coleridge's
Introduction to the Encyclopaedia Metropolitana, which appeared in
1810 (?). The definition to which I refer and which is still frequent, [given??] makes
science to consist in systematized knowledge, although Cole-
ridge's phrase, if I rightly recollect, is "organized knowledge",
which is several degrees less bad. According to the former phrase, a
person who should learn a handbook of chemistry by heart, without
having performed or even seen a single experiment, and without the
faintest idea of the methods of chemical discovery, would possess the