MS 628-640 (1909) - Meaning

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Chapter I and Preface

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1909 March 22 Ms. 630 Meaning 1 STUDIES OF MEANING. PRAGN On a Useful Maxim of Thinking. This Essay, in two chapters, which appeared {carat: "without its titles, was first published as two articles"} in the Popular Science Monthly, for Nov. 1877, and Jan. 1878, contains the first formulation of this a principle which the writer had urged for some {carat: "half a dozen"} years {carat: "or so,"} upon is philosophical friends, under the name of Pragmatism. It attracted no particular {carat: "great"} attention, though a French version by the author was printed in the Revue Philosophique. But some years later Professor William James, brought this matter before the philosophic world, and pressed it {carat: "(pressing it, indeed,"} further than Mr. Peirce, continues to acknowledge, not the existence, but yet the reality, of the Absolute, as set forth, for example by Royce) able to approve; and in this form has become a real foreign {carat: "Pragmatism has taken a prominent place in"} philosophy of today. It {carat: "The essay"} is here reprinted, with insignificant omissions and corrections, just in its original form with the exception of the posts evolved between heavy square brackets, which are due to the writer's deeper study of the subject during the generation that has elapsed since his first.

Last edit over 6 years ago by Jsprake
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1909 March 25 MEANING 2

wrote the chapters. The substance of this first essay had been written out in 1872 and submitted to a little "Metaphysical Club" that held its meetings in Cambridge, Mass. and its most important parts are simply copied from that paper. Our [acknowledged?] [correspondences?] [in???????] was with Chauncey Wright, [for?[ who [?] a promising a most accurate and subtle acute thinker, who had, at first, been a follower of Hamilton, but had become a strenuous and powerful defender of the doctrines of J.S. Mill and, as a pupil of the Academy of [Dor?] the [Dar??????] ideas, through which [???] [might? [???] [??...] In a hundred private duels with this gentleman, The writer of these essays, who had having been introduced to philosophy beyond the college instruction in [Arid?], [Jouffroy?], and [Pousin?] and after a private reading of Schiller's Esthetiche Brieven, [the first?] philosophical [book?] will be ever read), devoted study of the Critik der reinen Vernuft Vernunft, and had passed to the reading of all the the chief works [...?] of all the great philosophers, as well as of and had given about three years study in all, to the doctors of the middle ages from Anselm to Okham, without being much shaken in his Kantism, no doubt had been except that he had become firmly convinced of the reality of [?????] generals. siderably moved enabled him to throw off in a good deal of his servitude to Kant, while his conviction of the inadequacy of nominalism derived and had otherwise been of such [??????] [realism?] formed a very large part of his education in thinking. Other members of that class to which he was became [instantly?] indebted [were?] Nicholas St. John Green [????] [??????] always [????] [??????] [?????] of [everything?] to the practical significance of every proposition had much to do with bending the writer's opinions toward Pragmatism although his having become [???ed] as a physicist and being [??????] atmosphere of exact science was [???] still much

Last edit over 5 years ago by noamsol
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1909 March 25 MEANING 3

nominalists themselves, -- Hobbes, Leibniz, and the two Mills.

a sound [lawyer?]

Last edit over 5 years ago by noamsol
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1909 March 22 MEANING 3

clasical Latin correctly, and still more, to speak it elegantly, indeed was an intellectual accomplishment far beyond a similar mastery of English; so that logic was not so much greatly degraded in being classed with grammar and rhetoric; especially since the logic of Romans was trivial even in the modern sense. The Summulae Logicales was the text-book universally used in the schools from the middle of the XVIIth century, if not earlier, in some recension, and I think was based upon the tradition of some Roman schools. Certainly, the notion of its being a translation from the Greek book of a that goes by the is supposed, with little reason, to have been written by somebody of the name of Michael [Preblus?], but cannot be the work of the celebrated writer of that name, is one of the most foolist hypotheses of the foolish hypotheses that a historian of logic ever put forth.

Last edit over 5 years ago by noamsol
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1909 March 22 MEANING 3

classical Latin correctly required considerably more training than it in ancient times than speaking English does now; and to speak and with write it with elegance was a much greater accomplishment than it is to use English as well; and therefore to rank logic with grammar and rhetoric did not imply that it was a trivial matter, in the modern sense. Moreover, logic had, during the XIIth and XIIIth centuries made considerable progress beyong its condition when Appluleius wrote in the IInd century of our era. In fact, it well represented the real state of thought in the middle ages.] Its fundamental principle was that all knowledge rests either on authority or on reason; but in practice every formula of reason was deferred to the authority either of the infallible church or else to that of Aristotle; and although the audacious Abelard insisted that Aristotle might have erreed, he was constrained to admit that "doubtless he never did". [The training of

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