gcls_campsevier_099

TRENCH AND CAMP

[A long, narrow illustration runs the length of the left side of the page. At the top is a group of buildings, an American flag on top of one. Several soldiers are marching, with what appear to be rifles. Below that, there is an explosion in the sky. There are a few trees and a truck driving along a road. In front is a wagon that says "U.S." and an explosion in front. Below that, a soldier stands in front of a large pot over a fire, stirring what's inside the pot.]

COMPARISON OF BULLETS
USED BY ALLIES AND HUNS

France is the only nation whose
soldiers shoot solid copper bullets
from their rifles. All the other na-
tions are using lead bullets.

The French polus are armed with
Level rifles. The cartridges, which
have no jackets, measure .315 of an
inch in diameter. The bullet weighs
197 grams. Its muzzle velocity is 2,-
296 feet per second and its muzzle
energy 2305 foot-pounds.

The German soldiers carry Mauser
rifles which shoot cartidges measur-
ing .311 of an inch in diameter, and
weighing 154 grams. The lead bullet
has a ferro nickel jacket. Its muzzle
velocity is 2,915 feet per second and
muzzle energy 3,018 foot-pounds.

The Enfield rifle used by the Brit-
ish fires a bullet .303 of an inch in
diameter, weighing 174 grams, hav-
ing a muzzle velocity of 2,450 feet
per second and muzle eneregy of 2,-
320 foot-pounds. the lead bullet is
encased in a ferro nickel jacket.

The Springfield used by the Amer-
ican soldiers fires a bullet .300 of an
inch in diameter, weighing 150 grams.
The lead bullet has a cupro nickel
jacket. The muzzle velocity is 2,700
feet per second and the muzzle en-
ergy 2,445 foot pounds.

Propelled by approximately fifty
grains of smokeless powder, the Ger-
man bullet is hte most powerful at
short range, but beyond 500 yards it
is not as effective as the bullets used
by America and her Allies.

USING SILVER STARS

With the consent of the judge ad-
vocate of the General Department, U.
S. A., silver stars are now being used
on service flags in the West to desig-
nate soldiers who have seen service
in France and been invalided home.
In replying to an inquiry as to
whether or not it would be proper to
use the silver star, which he ap-
proved, the judge advocate took occa-
sion to say: "You understand that the
service flag is not official, but it
is in general use, and the flying of it
is encouraged. Unfortunately i has
been patented by private parties. The
matter of having an official service
flag not so controlled is under con-
sideration by Congress."

[ Heading spanning 3 columns]
Medals And Insignia Authorized For U.S. Soldiers In France,
With Army Rules And Regulations Governing Their Bestowal

[Column 1 continued]
General Orders, No. 6.

War Department,
Washington, January 12, 1918.
1. By direction of hte President the fol-
lowing decorations and insignia are author-
ized:

(A) DISTINUISHED-SERVICE
CROSS.

A bronze cross of appropriate design and
a ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof, to be
awarded by the President, or in the name
of the President, by the commanding gen-
eral of the American Expeditionary Forces
in Europe to any person who, while serving
in any capactiy with the Army, shall here-
after distinguish himself or herself, or who,
since April 6, 1917, has distinguished him-
self or herself, by extraordinary herosim in
connection with military operations against
an armed enemy of the United States under
circumstances which do not justify the
award of the medal of honor.

Service Medal and Cheverons

(B) DISTINGUISHED-SERVICE
MEDAL.

A bronze medal of appropriate design,
and a ribbon to be worn in lieu thereof,
to be awarede by the President to any
person who, while serving in any capacity
with teh Army, shall shereafter distinguish
himself or herself, or who, since April 6,
1917, has distinguished himself or herself
by exceptionally meritorious service to the
Government in a duty of great responsibility
in time of war or in connection with mili-
tary operations against an armed enemy of
the United States.

(C) WAR-SERVICE CHEVRONS.

A gold chevron of standard material and
design, to be worn on the lower half of the
left sleeve of all uniform coats, except
fatigue coats, by each officer and enlisted
man who has served six months in the zone
of the advance in the war, and an addi-
tional chevron for each six months of simi-
lar service thereafter. Officers and enlisted
men of the Aviation Service on combat-
lying duty in Europe will be credited for
the war-service chevron with the time they
[?]ay be on duty.

The Wound Chevron

(D) WOUND CHEVRONS.

A gold chevron of pattern identical with
that o fthe war-service chevron, to be worn
on the lower half of the right sleve of all
unifom coats, except fatigue coats, by each
officer and enlisted man who has received, or
who may hereafter receive, a wound in
action with the enemy which necessitates
treatment by a medical officer, and an addi-
tional chevron for each additional wound;
but not more than one chevron will be worn
for two or more wounds receibed at the
same time. Diablement by gas necessitat-
ing treatment by a medical officer shall be
considered to be a wound within the mean-
ing of this order.

Medals of Honor in France

2. During the present emergency, when-
ever a recommendation for the award of
the medal of honor reaches the command-
ing general of the American Expditionary
Forces in Europe, he is authorized to cable
his recommendation for immediate action
and to hold the papers until a reply is

[Middle top of page spanning columns 2 & 3, depicted is lady liberty with soldiers on the battlefield in front with their backs to her]
THE GIRL HE LEFT BEHIND

[Column 2] received. In the event [torn text] recom-
mendation is approved, he will notes the
action taken in his indorsement when for-
warding the papers in the case and will
present the medal to the recipient as the
representative of the President, or will dele-
gate a suitable officer to act in that
capacity.

In any case where the person recommend-
ed for the award of the medal of honor is
at the time of the recommendation ap-
parently fatally wounded or so ill as to
edanger his life, the commanding general
of the Expeditionary Forces in Europe is
authorized to act immediately upon the
recommendation as the representative of the
President, afterwards reporting his action
by cable.

3. Whenever a recommendation for the
award of the medal of honor is approved
by cable, and whenever a report is received
announcing the award of the distinguished
service cross by the commanding general of
the American Expeditionary Forves in Eu-
rope, and whenever the distinguished-service
medal is awareded, such award, with a state-
ment of the circumstances in each case, will
be announced in general orders of the War
Department by The Adjutant General of the
Army without unnecessary delay.

May Be Posthumously Awarded

4. The distinguished-service cross and
the distinguished-service medal may be
awarded posthumously to persons killed in
the performance of acts meriting such award
or to persons whose death from any cause
may have occurred prior to such award. The
medal so awarded will be issued to the
nearest relative of the deceased person.

5. No individual will be entitled to more
than one distinguished service cross or one
distinguished-service medal, but each addi-
tional citation in War Department orders
for conduct or service that would warrant
the award of either of these decorations will
entitle the person so cited to wear upon the
ribband of the decoration and upon the
corresponding ribbon a bronze oak leaf of
approved design, and the right to wear such
oak leaf will be announced as a part of the
citation. Other citations for gallantry in
action published in orders issued from the
headquarters of a force commanded by a
general officer will be indicated in each case
by a silver star three-sixteenths of an inch
in diameter worn upon the ribband of the
distinguished-service cross and upon the
corresponding ribbon.

Forwarding of Recommendations

6. Recommendations for the award of
the distinguished-service medal will be for-
warded to The Adjutant General of the
Army through regular channels.

[line break]

SERGEANT SKIPS A GENERATION

One of the sergeants in a divisional
area was boosting Government Insur-
ance the other day. He was urging
every soldier, no matter how he was
"fixed," to sign up for a policy.

"It will be just the thing for your
children," he urged. "If you haven't
any children, it will come in handy
for your grand-children."

7. When an officer or enlisted man is
admitted to a hospital for treatment of a
wound, or when an officer or enlisted man
is treaded for a wound without being ad-
mitted to a hospital, the commanding offi-
cer of the hospital, or, in the latter case,
the medical officer who treats the wound,
will furnish the commanding officer of the
wounded person with a certificate describ-
ing briefly the nature of the wound and
certifying to the necessity of the treatment.
This information may be furnished to com-
manders of higher units in the form of
certified lists, and will be transmitted by
them to the commanding oficers concerned.

8. Commanding officers will forward to
The Adjutant General of the Army, through
military cannels, lists in duplicate of those
officers and enlisted men of their commands
who have been honorably wounded in action,
with a statement in the case of each indi-
vidual, showing time and place wounds were
received and organization in which they
were then serving. Whenever a report is
made of an action, it will be accompanied by
the above-described list, and by certified
copies of the medical officers' statements de-
scribed in paragraph 7.

Granting Rights to Wear

9. Upon receipt of lists of wounded the
commanding general of the American Ex-
peditionary Forces in Europeis authorized
too grant the right to wear the wound
chevron to the persons concerned, and he
will note his action by indorsement in for-
warding the papers.

10. The right to wear the wound chev-
ron shall be confined to these who are au-
thorized to do so by letter from The Ad-
jutant General of the Army of from the
commanding general of the American Ex-
peditionary Forces in Europe.

11. The war-service chevron and th
wound chevron shall be as described in
paragraphs 13 1/2 and 84 1/2, Special Regula-
tions No. 42 (Uniform Specifications) (see
Changes No. 2) ; will be worn as described
in paragraph 74 1/2, Special Regulations No.
41 (Uniform Regulations) (see Changes No.
2.) ; and will be furnished as directed in
subparagraph 6 of paragraph 66, Compila-
tion of General Orders, Circulars, and Bul-
letins, War Department, 1881-1915.

Verifying Rights To Wear

12. Requests for the issue of purchase
of these chevrons will be accompanied by
a list o fthe persons for whom they are
desired, for the information of the com-
manding officer who authorizes the issue.
The officer, before approving a requisition
or a purchase, will verify the right of the
persons concerned to wear the chevrons re-
quested. Requests for authority to wear the
wound chevron on account of wounds re-
ceived prior to the present war will be
forwarded with all available evidene to
The Adjutant General of the Army for
verification through the War Department
records and appropriate action.

13. Section XI, General Orders, No. 134,
War Department, 1917, is rescinded.
(210.5, A. G. O.)
By order of the secretary of War:
John Biddle,
Major General, Acting Chif of Staff.
Official:
H. P. McCain,
The Adjutant General

[Column 4]

DISCIPLINE WILL
WIN THE WAR, SAYS
BRITISH OFFICER

Nearly every officer in Camp Wads-
worth, including the 500 young men
of the officers' training school, heard
a lecture by Lieut.-Col. George Ap-
plin, of the 14th Hussars, British
army.

The vast auditorium of Converse
College was filled when Maj.-Gen.
O'Ryan introduced the speaker. But
many officers had arrived late.

Col. Applin looked at his watch as
he faced the audience. "It is now
four and a half minutes aften ten
o'clock," he said. "If, when you get
over yonder, you are ordered to go
over the op and you start four and
a half minutes behind the appointed
time, you will be wiped off the face
of the earth. It is much easier to go
to a lecture than it is to go over the
top. If you can't get o a lecture on
time, what is going to happen to you
when you get orders to go over the
top at a certain hour?

"The old adage that time is money
no longer applies. Time is life. It
is human life. And every day that
we delay here is costing lives over
yonder. Every day that the people
of America delay backing up the
army that the have sent across,
means the loss of lives in that army.

"We have come over here to help
you, if we can. We want to help and
advise with you, so that you may
avoid the mistakes that we made,
the mistakes that the French Made,
so that you will not have to pay the
price that we paid.

"There never has been such a war
as this. In the summer of 1914 the
Germans had the most perfect war
machine the world had ever seen. It
was not merely an army; it was a
whole nation. It was organized and
disciplined. There was not only in-
telligent direction, but there was ab-
solute obedience to order all along
the line. I say it was the most per-
fect war machine the world had ever
seen, andit was. You notive that I
use the past tense. For it is no
longer the most perfect. We have
just as good discipline, it is even bet-
ter. We do the same things Germans
do, and do them just as well, only
we do them quicker. That is the ad-
vantage we have, and will keep. And
it is the thing you must do, if you are
to be effective in this war.

"The Germans' disciplin is that
of brute force, but there is another
and better kind of discipline. It is
the discipline of democracy. It is
founded on mutual confidence and re-
spect between officers and men. The
British army has it, the French army
has it. I don't know just how we
got it, but we've got it.

"Discipline and efficiency mean the
same thing. Or putting it different-
ly, discipline is the instant and will-
ing obedience to every order, and in
the absence of an order to what you
believe that order would have been.
The obedience must be instantaneous,
and it must be willing. Tardy ovedi-
ence is not discipline, and it can never
bring efficiency. Discipline, instant
and willingly discipline, is a means
to protection of life, and that is a
thing we are striving for as we go
along.

"The man who will win this war,"
the spearker continued, "will not be
the officer who gives the commands,
but the officer who executes them.
THis applies to every officer, of every
rank, on down to the platoon com-
mander. Discipline, prompt and will-
ing obedience to orders, rests with
equal force upon all of us.

"And let me tell you, you can
never lead men unless you have
trained them. It is a great privilege
you young officers have of training
men. You must make them resepct
you and love you if you woul dget
the full measure of discipline, and
you can do that if ou try. Begin
by respecting and loving your men,
and observing a rigid discipline of
yourself, and it won't be long until
you will find them responding to you.
They will give you just as much as
you give them and more. Would
you know the secret of command, I
will give it to you, and I want you
to memorize it and carry it with you
always:
"STRENGTH OF CHARACTER,
MULTIPLIED BY DETERMINA-
TION, PLUS TACT, EQUALS POW-
ER TO COMMAND."