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Status: Complete

Angela Varesano
7/17/72
Frank Zahay

Photographic record of monel ring making:

16 Widen the inside of the hole to make room for the lead soder.
17 Sandpaper used to polish it. Clean the inside of the hole, polish it. and take the dust off with a rag. Vice is used to hold the rings while working on them. Mr. Zahay used these tools when he was making rings.
18 Special flux or soldering paste is applied. Some flux tarnishes when it is applied. The soldering iron melts the lead-tin solder. Before the electric soldering iron a copper soldiering iron was used and heated with a blow torch. The soldering iron must be tinned before it is used.
20 With the soldering iron, melt the lead solder around the hole. When it is cool scrape the lead off of make the hole fit the sulfer diamond. Fit the stone into the ring and smear the soldering paste over the stone and the opening on the inside of the ring. With the soldering iron melt the lead, alius filling Proceedure: in the hole and holding the stone firmly in place. Take a round bar or monel piston and dill the hole in the center the size of the finger. Slice off the width of the ring wanted with a hack saw. Ring is shaped with a file. Holes for the sulfur stones are made, if desired. Mr. Zahay had made a ring in 1961 but had not put in the sulfur stones. The ring was shaped with a square center hole and 2 small side holes.

The first task was to cut and file the sulfur stones to fit the holes. Select hard sulfur stones for filing. This was done by looking over the mass of loose, flat stones and picking them up and trying to file them on the grinding wheel. If it survived the initial filing, it seemed hard and could be worked with. The most desirable ones sparkled more. The stone is filed on a grind stone. The hand crank was turned with the right hand while the stone was held tight int the left hand. The left arm holding the stone was braced against the side of the body. The side of the stone is pressed on the grinding wheel and turned so as to get a round piece. This process is repeated until the stone fits the hole. The hole is tapered and the stone is tapered to fit. The stones often get very hot during the grinding process and a damp rag is used toocool it off. "Whenthe stone gets hot press it in. It's better than putting it in water because it takes too long to dry." The rag is folded into a 4" square. An electric grinding wheel can also be used to shape the stones. When all of the stones were shaped the next procedure is to solder them in place. The inside of the ring and the holes were sandpapered to prepare the surface of that the solder would stick to it. Soldering paste is then rubbed overt the holes and the inside of the ring. Ring is held in a vice during the polishing and. The electric soldering iron . Some head is melted on the tip of the iron and allowing and issmeared inside the holes and around the holes on the inside of the ring. TWhen the lead has hardened the holes are scraped so that the stones would fit snuggly. Use a small 1 1/2" pen knife blade.

Clamp the ring into the vice with the stones in place. Melt solder and let it

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