Scrapbook and diary: Mary Magruder,1886-1887

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vey, leaves tonight for Charleston to make a scientific study of the effects of the earthquake at what now appears to have been the centre of the disturbance.

Mr. Green, Col. Casey's assistant in charge of the Washington monument, has been making scientific observations of the structure today, with a view to noting any change of position. The observation proves that the shaking had not the slightest effect upon the monument. In fact the usual tendency of the structure toward the centre of the earth seems to have been arrested, or rather reversed, since the last observation, as the position, as compared with that of one month ago, is today one two-thousandth part of a foot higher. ___________________________

IN BALTIMORE AND MARYLAND. ___________________________

Experiences in This City and Throughout the State.

[Reported for the Baltimore Sun.]

The chief topic of conversation in Baltimore yesterday was the earthquake shock of the previous night. Many people had noticed the swaying motion, but did not know what caused it, and had no thought of an earthquake until they saw the account in the morning paper. The bulletin-boards of THE SUN office were closely scanned all day by an anxious crowd of people, who were greatly interested in the face of Charleston, S. C., and those who could not get down town eagerly questioned those who had read the bulletins about further news from the afflicted city. Many compared their experiences, and some interesting particulars were gathered about the visitation in this city.

AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE. _________________________________

LIST OF THE CHARLESTON DEAD _________________________________

TEN WHITE AND TWENTY-SIX COLORED. _________________________________

Hundreds Probably Injured—The City Recovering Somewhat from the Effect of the Disaster—Relief Parties Searching for the Killed and Succoring the Wounded—Distress Likely to Come to the Poorer Classes—Heavy Damage to Property—Bricklayers Advance Their Prices for Work—Clearing Away the Debris—Two More Shocks Yesterday.

The earthquake's victims at Charleston, according to the official list, number 10 white and 26 colored persons killed. The number of wounded will run into the hundreds. Something like order is being restored out of the chaos, and the city is beginning to show signs of returning activity. Relief parties have been formed to look for the dead and to help the injured, and amounts of damage are being taken. The devastation is widespread. Numbers of fissures in the earth about Charleston indicate the severity of the disturbance. There were two more slight shocks yesterday. _________________________________

CHARLESTON'S DEAD. _________________________________

A List of the Unfortunates—Recovering from the Shock.

CHARLESTON, S. C., Sept. 2.—The following is the official list of those who were killed by the earthquake or have since died from their injuries:

White—Peter Powers, Mrs. C. Barber, Ainsley H. Robson, Robert Alexander, Charles Albrecht, B. P. Meynardie, Patrick Lynch, Annie Tarck, Mrs. Rachel Ahrens, Goldie Ahrens—10.

Colored—Thomas Wilson, Wm. Dear, Anna Glover, S. Z. Sawyer, Wm. Grant, Alexander Miller, Joseph Rodoff, Hannah Smalis, Marie Barnwell, Maria Pinckney, James Brown, Angelie Davids, Eugenie Roberts, Robert Redoff, Grace Fleming, Rosa Murray, Oliver Nickelby, John Cook, Clarissa Simonds, Hannah Harris, Sarah Middleton, Rebecca Ward, John Cook, colored, fisherman, Zera B., daughter of Isaac Sawyer, a colored barbar, colored bady, child of Mrs. Barnwell, and Mrs. David, who died of nervous shock—26.

There may be a few more. The list of wounded will go into the hundreds.

At one o'clock this morning and again at five slight shocks were felt, which did not damage. The people have begun to pick up courage, after camping out through two days and nights of horror, and the city is showing signs of life. Hopes are entertained that the disturbance is about over. Relief parties have been formed to dig out the dead and succor the wounded, and efforts are being made to clear paths through the streets for vehicles and pedestrians. Great distress will not doubt prevail, as most of those who lost their property are of the poorer class. Under the trying circumstances the people are as cheerful as possible, and are endeavoring to restore order out of chaos. Attention is being given to providing for refuge and making residences. Bricklayers advanced their rate to six dollars a day. The wharves, warehouses and business facilities of the city are generally uninjured by the catastrophe, and Charleston is practically ready to transact business. The city council will probably meet tomorrow to provide measures for relieving the poor. Gratitude is expressed on all sides for the assistance offered. Dispatches from throughout the State report severe shocks, with more or less resultant damage, but no loss of life. The people of Orangeburg were so badly frightened that they moved to Columbia. In Charleston and the surrounding country fissures appeared in the earth, from which issued cold water and blue mud and sand. ______________________________

ANOTHER SHOCK. ______________________________

Charleston Shaken Again Slightly—The Status of Affairs.

[Special Dispatch to the Baltimore Sun.]

CHARLESTON, S. C., Sept. 2.—Only a slight tremor, at about 6 o'clock this evening, was experienced in Charleston today, but at Summerville, 22 miles distant, there were continuous slight shocks. Thousands of people are still camped out in the public squares and along the line of the South Carolina Railroad. From Summerville there was been no exodus of the people. The railroads are running regularly, and two telegraph lines are getting rapidly into working shape. Business is at a standstill, though some of the stores are beginning to open, and it is hoped that the worst is over, and that confidence will soon be restored. The suspension of travel makes the city look dead. Some of the banks have been open for business. The News and Courier, which suspended for one day, will resume publication in the morning. __________________________________

A SHATTERED CITY.

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Details of the Fearful Injury Worked by the Earthquake.

CHARLESTON, S. C., Sept. 2.—The people are gradually taking account of the details of the injury worked by the earthquake, and the list of damages to property is startling. A limited section in the south of the city is a sample of the whole. Standing at the postoffice and looking west an almost impassable roadway of debris meets the eye. The building of the Chamber of Commerce is badly damaged, a portion of the south and east walls having been thrown down by the violence of the shock, and the buildings of Walker, Evans & Bogswell have also suffered, while the heavy granite slabs which formed the parapet of the News and Courier building lie upon the sidewalk, leaving the slate roof and a portion of the attic floor exposed. Almost the entire front of the building occupied by Myers's cigar store and Smith's stencil establishment is torn out, leaving the upper floors exposed. The Plenge Building, at the corner of Church street, was badly damaged.

Most of the buildings on the street are more or less damaged, but the violence of the earthquake is most perceptible at the historic intersection of Broad and Meeting streets. The police station is almost a complete wreck. The upper edge of the wall has been torn down and that of the north wall has fallen on the roof of the porch, carrying it away and leaving only the large fluted pillars standing. The City Hall apparently escaped serious damage, but is badly cracked on the east wall, and the courthouse building is badly damaged, the walls being cracked in several places and portions of the roof and gables being thrown down. The fireproof building seems to stand as a rock. The gables of the north and south porches, however, made of solid brownstone, have been thrown to the pavement below. This appears to be the only damage done to the building.

The worse wreck in the locality, however, is St. Michael's Church, which seems to be doomed to destruction. The steeple, the repairs on which had just been completed, seems to be intact, but it is nearly out of plumb and is in momentary danger of falling. The massive porch has been wrenched from the body of the church, and the building has been cracked in four places. One crack in the north wall extends from the eave to the lower window, two on the west face of the church extend the entire height of the building, and one on the south wall also extends from the eaves down almost to the foundation. These cracks are all immediately under the steeple, which it seems almost impossible will stand for any length of time. The hands on the top of the clock pointed to five minutes of ten, which must have been the hour of the first shook on Tuesday night.

The buildings between Meeting and King streets are all more or less damaged, the effects of the earthquake being the same in nearly every instance. The front wall of Dr. Deseaussure's residence has been thrown down, leaving the attic floor exposed, and several buildings on the south side of the street have been similarly treated. West of King street the most serious damage is to the Episcopal residence. The gable end has been thrown down, the wall falling on the roof of the spacious porch and crushing it in. The second floor verandah of Capt. F. W. Wagoner's house on the west side has been crushed in, but beyond this the building shows no signs of the terrible shaking of Tuesday night.

What a scene of desolation the fashionable boulevard of Charleston presents. Commencing at Broad street one passes through a block of burned houses. The fire, starting at No. 118, the third building from the corner of Borad street on the east side, consumed the entire row of buildings as far north as Tully's old stand, next the Quaker graveyard. The few houses on the west side of the street, north of Broad street, have not escaped the general fate, although the damage is not so great as in other portions of the street. The immense vacant lot on the west side of the street is occupied by the families who lived in the burnt houses, and who are camped out on the sward with the few household effects saved from the flames.

From Queen street to Hortback's alley almost every house is shattered, the tops of the walls near the roof being thrown down. The large building at the corner of Clifford and King streets has, to all outward appearances, miraculously escaped. From Hortback's alley to Market street the damage is not as great as it might have been. Bobb's lot on the east side of the street is occupied by several hundred people camping out.

The Victoria Hotel appears to have escaped, and the Academy of Music shows no signs of earthquake on the outside at least. From market to Hazel street the damage does not seem to be as great as in other portions of the city. The Waverly House is externally uninjured. The large red brick boardinghouse, however, immediately opposite, and next south of the corner of Beaufain st., has suffered badly, the top of the wall, under the eaves, having been stripped off on all sides. The handsome block of stores from Beaufrain to Westworth street has been singularly preserved. Very few of the French plate glass fronts being broken, although here and there a parapet is thrown down and bricks displaced from walls.

The Masonic Temple seems to have escaped, and the damage to the buildings between this point and Calhoun street seems not to be so great, as far as outward appearances go.

In Wentworth street the handsome hall of the German Artillery has been badly damaged; the northeast and northwest corners of the building have both gone. Coming down Meeting street from Calhoun street the signs of the earthquake are very plain. Both the High School and the Freundschafts Bund Hall are comparatively uninjured. The building of the Charleston water-works, on George street, is uninjured, and so, strange to say, is the immense three-million gallon reservoir on the premises, although the brick house opposite in George street is badly damaged.

The shock on Tuesday night severed the pipe through which water was forced into the stand-pipe, and during the progress of the fires the pressure was applied directly to the main. This pipe was, however, replaced, and the stand-pipe, which was uninjured, was filled with water.

All over the city the injury is of the same character. A special report from Mount Pleasant, opposite Charleston, says that a sink near the German Church, which on Tuesday was perfectly dry sand, is not full of fresh water. Near Shell street there is a cabin occupied by a colored man that is completely surrounded by yawning chasms, extending through the earth's surface for ten feet and over. All around this there are sinks of fresh water and masses of mud, with queer-looking soft substances that have never been seen before. It is contended by many that the mud and other substances found around the village are volcanic matter.

Just after the first great shock on Tuesday night there was a decided and distinct smell of scaping sulphurous gas over Mount Pleasant. The smell lasted throughout the night, and was distinct in those localities where the cavities in the earth were most numerous. Some say that portions of the mud thrown up by the waterspouts are strongly impregnated with sulphur, and that small portions of sulphur can be found in the mud. Not far from Charleston, on the road to Summerville, extensive mounds of clay were thrown up, and hillocks of sand, in most cases in the shape of inverted cones, the hollow part of which had evidently been formed by the action of the water returning into the depths from which it had been raised. In many cases the erupted matter had streamed away from the breaks in the surface of the earth to a distance from twenty to fifty feet. In other places there were fissures, almost invariably extending from north to south. These cracks were not wide, and extended downward always in a slanting direction. The matter that was

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thrown up was of a dull, dark slaty color, and was mixed with gravel. There was also a little shale, and in general the mud resembled that which is thrown from the bottom of the phospahte piles along the river. The water in some places had the taste of our artesian water, but in many instances it was just as clear and limpid as from a mountain spring.

These evidences of the great convulsion are not sporadic; they extend far and near in every direction from the city limits of Charleston to Summerville, and at the latter place it was found from trustworthy information that the cracks and fissures are everywhere visible for miles around. Strangely enough, some of these were in active operation, and the constant shocks that were felt at Summerville sent the water out of these fissures in jets to the height of from fifteen to twenty feet. This was evidently the result of the cracks being filled with water and then the sides opening and closing by each succeeding shock.

These openings were of course suggestive of still more violent eruptions, and there was a constant dread everywhere that there would be a general inundation caused by some extraordinary force of the earthquake. Not only was the water emitted in the low places, where it might be expected to exist all the time, but on tops of the highest elevations the mud could be seen. This latter fact indicated that the force was being exerted at rather more than the depth that was at first thought to be its limit.

Near Ten-Mile Hill a fatal accident occurred on Tuesday night. The down Columbia train jumped the track. The engineer, Burns, and the fireman, Arnold, colored, were badly injured by the tremendous leap which the train took in the dark under the unseen influence of the shock that dismantled the road. It is said that the earth suddenly gave way, and that the engine first plunged down the temporary declivity. It was then caught up by the succeeding terrestrial undulation, and having reached the top of the wave it was swerved off by the force to the right and left hurled the ill-fated train down the embankment. How it was done was plainly indicated.

In many places along the track of the South Carolina and North Eastern Railroads, and for spaces of several hundred yards in width, the dreadful energy of the earthquake was expended in two particular ways. First there were intervals of a hundred yards and more in which the track had the appearance of having been alternately raised and depressed, like a line of waves frozen in their last position. The second indication was where the force had oscillated from east to west, bending the rails in reverse curves, most of them taking the shape of a single and others of a double letter S placed longitudinally. These latter accidents occurred almost invariably at trestles and culverts. There were no less than five of them between the Seven-Mile Junction and Jedburg.

In other places the track had the appearance of being kinked for miles, but always in these cases in the direction of the rails. The train at the time was in the usual speed, and about a mile south of Jedburg it encountered a terrible experience. It was freighted with hundreds of excursionists returning from the mountains. They were all gay and happy, laughing and talking, when, all of a sudden, in the language of one of the excursionists, the train appeared to have left the track and was going up, up, up into the air. This was the rising wave. Suddenly it descended, and as it rapidly fell it was flung first violently over to the east, the side of the car apparently leaning over at less than an angle of forty-five degrees. Then there was a reflex action, and the train righted and was hurled with a roar as of a discharge of artillery over to the west, and finally subsided on the track and took a plunge downward, evidently the descending wave.

The engineer put down the brakes tight, but so great was the original and added momentum that the train kept right ahead. It is said on trustworthy authority that the train actually galloped along the track, the front and rear trucks of the coaches rising and falling alternately.

utmost confusion prevailed, women and children shrieked in dismay, and the bravest heart quailed in momentary expectation of a more terrible catastrophe. The Rev. Ellison Capers chanced to be on board, and he lost no time in conveying, as best he could in the agony of the moment, the best advice and counsel he could offer. The train was then taken back in the direction of Jedburg, and on the way back the work of the earthquake was terribly patent. The train had actually passed over one of those serpentine curves already described, and it seems but the simple truth to state that every soul on board was saved solely through the interposition of a Divine Providence.

The horror of the situation in Summerville on Wednesday was much intensified by certain manifestations that were not observed in Charleston to any great extent. During the day there was a constant series of detonations, loud and heavy, from all possible directions. It resembled the discharge of heavy guns at intervals of about ten minutes, and was like the sounds of a bombardment at a great distance. All of these explosions were not accompanied by tremors of the earth, as it was only occasionally that the earth would quake from subterranean discharges. A remarkable fact was noted in Summerville in respect to the bulging of the water from the interior of the earth.

Nearly all of the wells had been at low water. There was a sudden rise in all of the sea wells and the additional water was pure. Looking down into one of these wells, the observer could, on the eve of any of the loud detonations, see the water rise up the walls of the wells, and after the shock again subside.

There is rather a more cheerful feeling tonight, but no sense of security will repair shattered houses and renew ruined homes. Offers of assistance are coming from different quarters, and it is expected that the city council will organize a relief committee tomorrow.

Despite the losses by the earthquake, Charleston is in as good position as ever for the transaction of the usual autumn trade. There is ample warehouse and wharf room; the compresses are in trim, and merchants and factors are ready to deal expeditiously with all business that offers. This statement is made to correct an existing erroneous impression that the commercial facilities of the port are impaired.

Last night the old scenes of fright and fear were enacted in the public squares and parks. Frail women, some of them almost dead, and infants in arms, were driven to the necessity of spending the night on the square, with only such covering as could be improvised by the use of blankets, shawls and sheets.

In many of the squares, notably at Washington Park, the fright and annoyance to these people were increased by the religious performances of the colored people who crowded the parks. In Washington Park these were led by two negro men with stentorian voices, who shouted and yelled and shrieked until long after one o'clock in the morning. They were asked to desist, or at least to conduct the services in a less boisterous manner, but refused to do so. A remonstrance on the part of some gentlemen produced very insolent replies on the part of a number of negro roughs, who shared in the conduct of the meeting, and who loudly and boisterously protested that they would make as much noise as they pleased, and that no interruption would be allowed.

The night wore on slowly and painfully. At 11.50 P. M. a heavy earthquake passed through the city. Its coming was preceded by quite a number of explosions, dim and distant, which commenced to be heard fully five minutes before the vibration was felt. The wave was somewhat more pronounced than the two which had preceded, the one at 8.25 A. M. and the other at 5.15 P. M., and as it passed by to the northwest there followed sounds which indicated falling walls or buildings.

This was the last vibration last night. Soon after it had passed a man appeared and advised the people to go to their houses, stating that he was the only scientific man in the

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city, and that he was authority for the statement that there would be no more shocks. This advice was unheeded, very few people leaving the ground. At daybreak there was a movement, and as the sun rose, and as there had been no additional vibrations, many of the people pulled up their tents and departed to their shattered homes, in the earnest hope that they had participated in their last picnic in the park.

In St. Andrew's parish, for ten miles on the other side of the Ashley river bridge, the country is cut up by small fissures and mudholes of from an inch to two feet in diameter. These holes have emitted blue mud and gray sand in large quantities, and the whole surface of this area is covered with little mounds. The people living in the parish say that the mud and water boiled up from five to ten feet in height, and they all seem to be in a most demoralized condition. One old negro woman said that the view of the city was most appalling: that after the shocks were felt the cries from and almost immediately light from the fires lit up the heavens over the city. The colored residents of the parish thought that the judgment day had come, and commenced crying and praying for mercy.

At Summerville yesterday the scenes were such as it is impossible to adequately describe. All the stores were closed. The inhabitants had abandoned their houses after the shock on Tuesday night, and few of them had the temerity to return. The shock is said to have been much more violent than in Charleston.

In Summerville the people rushed into an inky black darkness, and in the general gloom and despair the wails and shrieks made up a scene that was distressing and appalling. As in Charleston, all through the night there was nothing but sickness and suffering, and the constant dread of final dissolution and utter annihilation.

There was not a home that had not been made desolate in a greater or less degree. All the chimneys had disappeared, walls were rent, ceilings fell, and in numerous cases the houses that rested on wooden blocks or masonry were leveled to the ground. Other houses were split from top to bottom.

Among those buildings hurled from their foundations were those of Gen. John C. Minott, Mrs. B. F. Tighe, L. Detreville, E. J. Limehouse, Percy Guerard, Ben. Perry, the Nettles House, and that of Mr. Edw. Fishburn.

The old family mansion of the Pringles, on King street, Charleston, rendered familiar to readers in all parts of the Union by the description and illustrations in the Century about two years ago, stood the shock well. In the yard the water from the well came up like a water-spout and overflowed the yard, and deposited six inches of sand. In the yard of the premises of Lieut. Goulding, of the police force, is an upheaval about eight feet square, showing yellow clay. The soil of the yard is black earth.

During the progress of the fire in King street, near Broad street, on Wednesday morning, a woman who occupied the second floor of one of the burned buildings tied her infant child up in a feather bed and threw it from the window to the ground below. The child was unhurt.

No damage of consequence is reported on the sea islands.

REFUGEES AT COLUMBIA.

Fears that Summerville May be the Vent for a Volcano.

[Special Dispatch to the Baltimore Sun.]

COLUMBIA, S. C., Sept. 2.—The refugees who arrived in this city last night from Summerville have taken homes here for the present, and will probably remain during the week. Women and children compose the majority of them. They were perfectly panic-stricken and would have gone anywhere to escape from the perils of their homes. One of the children died here this morning and was buried this afternoon.

Summerville reports that the vibrations continue but it is believed that the worst is over. The earth is cracked in many places but the rushing water and sand has ceased. The town has been the most alarming scene of the earthquake not a house being tenantable. The force or gases of the earthquake found a vent there.

The first train from Charleston since Tuesday night arrived here at noon today with a few refugees. The engineer says that when ten or twelve miles from Charleston the earth perceptibly yielded to the weight of the engine and he put on all the steam possible to shoot over the heaving ground.

Travel will be resumed tomorrow. Two shocks of earthquake were felt here today at 10 A. M. and 12 M., but were very slight. An extra meeting of the city council was held this morning to tender such assistance as may be needed to the distressed people of Charleston, but it is believed that the worst is over in that city, as the women and children who have been camping in the streets, public squares and vacant lots for the past two days nad [and] nights are re-entering their homes.

There is an indescribable dread of something yet to happen in Summerville which fills the refugees from that town with apprehension for those who are camping under improvised tents. It is believed from the vomiting of water and mud there that the pent-up subterranean gases will explode at that point.

Special dispatches from every town in the State give accounts of the earthquake, which describe scenes and injuries to property similar to those which occurred in Columbia.

Measures of Relief

RICHMOND VA., Sept. 2.—Governor Lee today telegraphed to the acting mayor of Charleston the following: "I know I express the feelings of the citizens of Virginia when I tender to the people of Charleston deep sympathy at the great calamity which has suddenly overtaken their beautiful city FITZHUGH LEE." A meeting of citizens will be held here tomorrow to get up a fund to forward to Charleston. One establishment here today sent their check for $500 to that city for the benefit of the sufferers.

NEW YORK, Sept. 2.— The Western Union announces that it will gladly forward to Charleston any subscription of money and messages pertaining thereto free of charge. The Stock Exchange has appointed a committee to receive contributions for the Charleston sufferers, and the Petroleum Exchange subscribed $500 in a few moments.

The Twelfth Ward Bank of this city has opened a subscription list for the sufferers by the Charleston earthquake with $200.

INDIANAPOLIS, IND., Sept. 2.—In the republican convention today a resolution was adopted offering aid to the Charleston sufferers and pledging the convention to material contribution.

LANCASTER, PA., Sept. 2.—At this morning's session of the Irish Catholic Benevolent Union a collection was taken for the relief of the Charleston earthquake sufferers, $209 being raised.

CINCINNATI, Sept. 2.—At today's session of the Chamber of Commerce it was resolved to telegraph the mayor of Charleston, S. C., asking what Cincinnati could do to alleviate their distress. The sum of $535 was subscribed in a few minutes.

RALEIGH, N. C., Sept. 2.—Gov. Scales today received a reply from Gov. Shepherd, of South Carolina, in which he expressed the thanks of the people of South Carolina for the tender of aid. The people of North Carolina stand ready to aid South Carolina in any possible way upon a moment's warning.

CHICAGO, Sept. 2.—The jewelers of Chicago circulated a subscription list today for the sufferers by the Charleston earthquake. This evening the paper footed up $630.

AUGUSTA, GA., Sept. 2.—The excitement about the earthquake has subsided here and apprehension has ceased Liberal contributions were made today for the Charleston sufferers by the citizens of Augusta.

PHILADELPHIA, PA., Sept. 2.—Several prominent citizens and the permanent citizens committee for the relief of cities have called meetings for tomorrow to aid the people of Charleston.

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JACKSONVILLE, FLA., Sept. 2.—At a public meeting of citizens this afternoon $1,000 was subscribed in twenty minutes. No shock has been felt here since 4.30 A. M. yesterday.

ATLANTA, GA., Sept. 3.—Atlanta raised today $1,500 for the Charleston sufferers. _______________________________

Anxious Inquirers.

[Special Dispatch to the Baltimore Sun.]

WASHINGTON, Sept. 2.—There are quite a number of South Carolinians employed in the various government departments here, and their anxiety for information from home in many instances has been really touching. Comptroller Trenholm, of the Treasury Department, has two sons and a large number of relatives living in the city of Charleston. His office was also frequently visited today by friends. He first received a dispatch from one of his sons, who resides on Sullivan's Island, opposite Charleston, stating that his family was uninjured. Later in the day his other son telegraphed that the entire Trenholm family was safe. Many of the South Carolinians in the Treasury Department contributed small sums of money for the relief of the sufferers at Charleston, and when nearly $100 had been subscribed Col. Trenholm immediately telegraphed the amount to the city authorities at Charleston. Throughout the city the most generous feeling toward the sufferers prevails, and relief funds are being started in various quarters.

HISTORICAL CHARLESTON AND SOUTH CAROLINA.—The disaster that has befallen Charleston, and the successive blows that city has experienced from war, from elemental disturbances and from fire, recall the high position South Carolina has held as a Commonwealth, and the great names that adorn her annals. There are few States, having regard to population, that can show, in arms, in law and in politics, more distinguished men. An imperfect list of these, drawn principally from memory and not chronologically arranged, will make this clear. Beginning with Marion, the intrepid partisan, the list of names includes Laurens, Pickens, Hampton, Allston, Moultrie, Butler, Aiken, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, Robert Goodloe Harper, Barnwell, Blyth, Gadsden, Hamilton, Cheves, Rhett, Keitt, Hayne, Legare, Huger, Rutledge, Preston, Calhoun, Manning, Manigault, Memminger and Trescott. In not a few cases the qualities of the father descended to the son, and from the son to the grandson, and each in turn succeeded each other, and were conspicuous either in the affairs of the State or in those of the United States, being sometimes charged with representing the United States abroad, sometimes entrusted with important negotiations, but more frequently representing their State with great ability in the Federal Senate or House of Representatives. For many years South Carolina led the politics of the South, as Charleston was the leading commercial city of the South before and after the cession of of Louisiana, before Savannah had acquired the standing she now has, and many years before the now flourishing and popular city of Atlanta, Ga., had a local habitation and a name. During the most flourishing period in the history of South Carolina Charleston was the winter resort of the great planters, a busy centre of trade, and the seat of a refined society and a liberal hospitality. In her book stores and private libraries were to be found the best books of the best foreign authors. Everywhere among the principal merchants, planters and lawyers were the evidences of a liberal education and cultivated taste, while a touch of aristocratic exclusiveness was exhibited in many of the fine brick mansions seated in the midst of ornamental grounds surrounded by high brick walls. Charleston has suffered greatly and changed greatly since those days, but she has still a just claim to be proud of the great names that adorn her annals and those of the State of which she is the chief city, and mourning as she now does the loss of so many lives, and the destruction of so much valuable property, she will have the deepest sympathy of all who remember the distinction she once enjoyed, and compare it with her present stricken condition.

R. W. G. Templar's Department.

THANKSGIVING.

Have not Good Templars much to be thankful for this year? Shall not the mission collection sent to the R. W. G. Lodge be the largest ever received by that body?

It is for our children. Which Grand Lodge will do most to help build up our Children's Work? GOD HELP US TO BE LIBERAL! ________________________________

REUNION. __________

Last spring Bro. F. G. Keens, P. R. W. G. S., sailed for Europe taking with him a D. R. W. G. T.'s commission and instructions to examine as fully as his other engagements would allow, into the condition of the Order in Europe. He had no instructions in regard to the English Charter suit or reunion of the Order. He however after consulting with some of the English brothers, went to see Joseph Malins, G. W. C. T. of the Grand Lodge involved in the lawsuit with Dr. Lees. The differences between the two Orders and the prospect of reunion were discussed. On his return to America Bro. Keens brought me a letter from Bro. Malins which opened the way for negotiations. I replied to Bro. Malins and opened correspondence with Bro. W. G. Lane, R. W. G. T. of the R. W. G. Lodge of the World. His frank, manly letters soon convinced me that reunion was possible and I submitted as a basis for conference the following propositions:

1. With the Orders working as they are working to-day is reunion desirable.

2. With the first proposition settled affirmatively is reunion possible.