Box 14, Folder 3: Coal 1861

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in others they are much smaller, pentagonal or hexagonal, and about twice as many as in the ranges of larger plates; these ranges alternate with each other. Near the summit, between what appears to be the eleventh and twelfth ranges of plates from the base there is a distinct lateral opening, with another somewhat smaller opening more nearly on the summit, corresponding with the mouth and anal opening as described by Von Buch; but the lower lateral apertue (ovarian aperture) has not been recognized; most of the specimens being broken near the base, and weather on one side. Surface characters unknown. The specimens, like those of the last species, are casts, but the characters given above are distinctly seen in several individuals. The structure of the body does not very well correspond with the generic characters of Caryocystites, and it may be necessary, when more perfect specimens are discovered, to designate it by another name. Geological formation and locality. In limestone of the age of the Niagara Group. Collector. T.J. Hale

BRACHIOPODA LINGULA POLITCA, (n.s.) [pencil in Vol 1 p 21} Description. Shelll small, short ovate, the greatest width near the front, which is broadly rounded; beaks obtusely rounded; valvas moderately convex, with prominent umbones. Surface glabrous, or marked by very fine concentric lines of growth. The interior of the ventral valve shows a distinct spatulate muscular impression in the center, with raised margins, and fainter impressions at the sides. There is an obtuse dental process on each side of the rostral cavity. This species differs from L. prima in the prominence of the of the umbones, and in being destitute of lamellose concentric lines of growth. The shell was referred by Dr. D.D. Owen to OBOLUS, but I am unable to find satisfactory evidences of the features of Obolus; neither do the characters correspond with true Lingula. [penciled in asterisk] Geological formation and locality. In Potsdam sandstone, in beds below those containing Conocephalus and Arionellus, at Trempealeau, Wisconsin. Edward Danials, James Hall.

LINGULA AURORA, (n.s.) Description. Shell of moderate size, broadlu subovate; beak appressed, obtusely pointed; cardinal borders strongly diverging. [pencilled in - asterisk Obolella - Billings?]

25 inclosing an angle of about 80 degrees, and extending a little more than one-third the length of the shell; sides sub-parallel for a short distance; front rounded; valves very slightly convex. Surface marked by rather strong concentric lines of growth, and a few striae on partially exfoliated specimens. This species varies from the last in being five or six times as large, measuring nearly three-fourths of an inch in length by a little more than half an inch in width. The form is distinct from every other species described from rocks of the same age. Geological Formation and Locality. In rocks of the age of the Potsdam sandstone, Trempealeau, Wisconsin. James Hall.

SPIRIFER GIBBOSUS, (n.s.) Description. Shell somewhat below medium size, gibbous, beaks slightly incurved, area less than the width of the shell below; about three times as wide as high; cardinal extremities rounded; foramen large, higher than wide; valves marked by about four simple rounded plications on each side of the mesial elevation. Dorsal valve extremely gibbous on the umbo, regularly arcuate transversely; mesial elevation broad, flattened on top; plications not extending to the beak, which is a little incurved. Ventral valve deeper than the dorsal, but less arcuate; mesial depression broad and deep, rounded at bottom. Surface of both valves (in well preserved specimens) show evidence fo fine radiating striae. This species resembles S. crispus of the Niagara group in New York, but it is much larger, frequently more than twice as wide as that species; the mesial elevation is wider and not so high. The specimens described are all internal casts, so that the external surface characters cannot be fully given. Geological Formation and Locality. In limestone of the age of the Niagara group, Racine, Wisconsin. Dr. P.R. Hoy, T.J. Hale, James Hall.

SPIRIFER EUDORA, (n.s.) [penciled in Vol 1 p 69] Description. Shell of moderate size, transversely sub-ovate, length and width as three to four, valves extremely gibbous; hinge line less than the width of the shell below; cardinal extremities rounded; area moderately high; foramen triangular, a little higher than wide. Valves marked by three to four simple, strong, angular plications on each side of the mesial fold and sinus. Dorsal valve regularly arcuate; beak somewhat incurved; mesial fold of moderate width, flattened above and slightly depressed in the lower part, Ventral valve most prominent near the umbo; back strongly incurved over the area;

26

mesial sinus broad and deep. The minute surface characters are unknown. The specimens are casts. This species bears some resemblance to S. macropleura of the Lower Helderberg group, of New York, but it is proportionally more gibbous, the front more regularly rounded, the area higher, and the plications not directed so obliquely outwards from the beak. Geological Formation and Locality. In limestone of the age of the Niagara group, Racine, Wisconsin. T.J. Hale.

SPIRIFER INCONSTANS, (n.s) [penciled in Vol 1 p 69] Description. Shell transversely elliptical, the length a little more than half as great as the width; hinge line two-thirds as long as the greatest width of the shell; cardinal extremities rounded; both valves moderately convex, marked by strong, angular, dichotomizing plications. Dorsal valve most prominent on the umbones; mesial fold broad and simple on some specimens, and on others divided into two, three, or more plications in front; beak produced and moderately incurved. Ventral valve larger than the dorsal; beak prominent, but little incurved; area high; deltidium large, height and width nearly equal; sinus broad and deep, simple or with two or more plications. Entire surface marked by strong, distinct, radiating striae. The specimens are casts of the interior and exterior. This species may be readily distinguished from others by the strong, angular, bifurcating plications, the number of which vary in different individuals; some being nearly simple, having but four or five on each side of the mesial fold, while others have nearly double that number on the front margin. The number of plications on the mesial fold and sinus are subject to the same variation. Geological Formation and Locality. In limestone of the age of the Niagara group, Racine, Wisconsin. Dr. Hoy, T.J. Hale, James Hall.

TELLINOMYA INFLATA, (n.s.) [penciled in Vol 1 p 38] Description. Shell of medium size, extremely gibbous, and inflated at the middle of the sides, abruptly attenuate towards the posterior end; the length a little greater than the breadth, and the thickness a little less; the hinge line, from a little anterior to the beak to the posterior end of the shell, is nearly straight, the anterior end obliquely truncate above the middle. the basal margin strongly and regularly rounded from the ante-

[pencilled in + S. Racinensis, Mc Ch}

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riot truncation to the posterior extremity of the hinge line - the meeting of the curved lower and straight upper margin giving a sub-nasute extremity. Umbones prominent, very full and rounded, the beaks closely incurved, the apices minute. Surface marked by concentric ridges, of growth parallel to the margin of the shell. This species has some resemblance to T. ventricosa, in its form and general outline: but it is broader in proportion to length, less attenuate posteriorly, the beaks are the nearest to the anterior, and the basal margin is destitute of the sinus which exists in that species, Length nearly seven-eights of an inch, height three-fourths of an inch. Geological Formation and Locality. In limestone of the age of the Trention limestone; at Mineral Point, Wisconsin.

TELLINOMYA ALTA, (n.s.) Description. Shell small, sub-triangular, with the rounded basal margin; valves depressed-convex. The anterior and posterior portions of the hinge line are nearly straight from between the beaks to beyond the muscular impression, and stand nearly at right angles to each other. The distance from the beaks to the base of the shell is usually equal or nearly equal to the length. The muscular impressions are large and moderately distinct; the posterior one elevated on the dorsal side with a broad, low ridge (depression on the cast) passing from near the beak to the scar. The hinge plate is marked by from twenty to twenty-five very small curved teeth on the posterior side, and from ten to fifteen on the anterior side. This species differs from T. astartoeformis, (Ctenodonta? astartoeeformis, Salter, Canadian Organic Remains, Decade I, page 27,) in the more erect beaks and in the different form of the posterior basal margin. Geological Formation and Locality. In limestone of the age of the Trenton limestone; Dodgeville, Wisconsin. T.J. Hale.

TELLINOMYA VENTRICOSA, (n.s.) [penciled in See Vol 1 p 38]

Description. Shell sub-rhomboidal, extremely ventricose, with strong incurved beaks, the anterior dorsal and ventral margins sub-parallel, the posterior and obliquely truncate, the anterior end broadly rounded, and continuing into the basal margin; posterior umbonal slope somewhat angular, with a slight sulcus just anterior to it, which passes from near the beak of the base. Surface marked by obscure concentric striae of growth.

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The interior is marked by large, double, profoundly deep muscular impressions; the principal scars are abruptly depressed on the inner margins, the minor scars faintly marked except on old individuals. The hinge plates are of medium width and contain about eight or ten slightly curved teeth on the anterior side of the beak, and from twelve to fourteen on the posterior side; beaks (in the cast) rather distant. The internal cavity of the shell is deep.

This species somewhat resembles T. contracta (Clenodonta contracta, Salter, Canadian Organic Remains, Decade I, pl. 8, fig. 4 and 5); but differs in the greater proportional length, greater breadth of the anterior end, and greater obliquity of the posterior slope. The shell is more ventricose, the beaks nearest to the posterior end (instead of the anterior) and the muscular impressions more deeply marked.

Geological Formation and Locality. In rocks of the age of the Trenten limestone group; the buff limestone, at Beloit, Janesville and Mineral Point, Wisconsin; at Dubuque, Iowa, the Falls of St. Anthony, and other places.

Collectors. Prof. Nason, E. Hobart and James Hall.

TELLINOMYA OVATA (n.s.)

Description. Shell ventricose, sub-ovate; cardianal line straight or very little curved; anterior and broad, obliquely truncate; posterior end short, narrow; basal margin broad rounded, a line drawn from its junction with the anterior and posterior slopes passes across the middle of the shell; beaks small, not prominent, curved, directed towards the anterior end. Valves gibbons at the anterior and attenuate at the posterior end; the length, breadth and thickness of the valves when compared are seven, six and five. Surface of shell smooth or marked by a few concentric lines of growth of moderate strength.

This species resembles T. nastula; but the beaks are more nearly central, and the posterior end is not produced in the same manner. The basal line is regularly curved and does not show the contraction on the posterior side of the middle of the base which is observed in that species.

Geological Formation and Locality. In the Trenton group, (Buff limestone,) Beloit, Wisconsin.

Collector. Edward Daniels.