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240 51 AMERICAN LAW REVIEW.

crease, so are all offenses of the felony class, and there can be no doubt
that they will continue to increase unless the criminal laws are enforced
with more certainty, more uniformity, more severity than they now are."

The criminal statistics referred to by ex-president Taft
are those published by the Chicago Tribune either on New
Year's Day or else on the last day of each year since 1885,
showing the number of homicides and executions in the
United States for each year.

The Chicago Tribune gives the number of homicides (in-
cluding manslaughters) in the United States in 1912 as
9,152; the number of executions in 1912 as 145; it gives the
number of homicides (including manslaughters) in 1913 as
8,902; the number of executions in 1913 as 88; it gives the
number of homicides (and manslaughters) in 1914 as 8,251;
the number of executions in 1914 (including 2 for another
felony) as 74; it gives the number of homicides (and man-
slaughters) in 1915 as 9,230; the number of executions in
1915 (including 8 for another felony) as 119.

According to the Judicial Statisties, England and Wales,
1913 (Part I Criminal Statistics pp. 18, 26) there were re-
ported to the police of England and Wales during the year
1913, 111 murders of persons aged more than one year and
67 murders of infants of one year or less. On these 178 re-
ported English and Welsh murders, 67 persons were brought

Statisties for 1914, pp. 8-10.)
In 1913, also in 1914, two persons each year were charged
to trial for murder; there were 28 convictions and death sen-
tences; 16 executions; 12 commutations to penal servitude
for life; 5 accused were found insane on arraignment; 17
were found guilty but insane and 17 were acquitted.

In 1913, 154 manslaughters were reported to the English
and Welsh police (p. 18), on which 136 persons were brought
to trial, on which trials there were 63 convictions and sen-
tences (p. 26).

In 1914 the number of murders and manslaughters re-
ported to the police of England and Wales is not given; 55
persons were brought to trial for murder; 23 were convicted
of murder and sentenced to death; 14 were executed; the
sentences of 8 were commuted to penal servitude for life; 12

DO OUR LAWS PROTECT CRIMINALS? 241

were found guilty but insane; 11 by jury and 1 by court of
Criminal Appeal; 6 were found insane on arraignment and
14 were acquitted including one quashed conviction by Court
of Criminal Appeal.

In 1914, 117 were brought to trial in England and Wales
for manslaughter, of which 48 were convicted and sentenced.
(Judicial Statistics, England and Wales, 1914, Part I, Crim-
inal Statistics, pp. 12-13.)

According to the Canadian criminal statistics for the
years ending September 30, 1913, and September 30, 1914:
In 1913, 55 persons were changed with murder, of whom
23 were convicted and sentenced to death, 5 were detained
for lunacy and 27 were acquitted. (Criminal Statistics for
the year ending September 30, 1913, p. 2.)

In 1914, 62 persons were charged with murder, of whom
27 were convicted and sentenced to death, 4 were detained
for lunacy and 31 were acquitted. (Criminal Statistics for
the year ending September 30, 1914, p. 2.)

In 1913, 61 persons were charged with manslaughter, of
whom 44 were convicted, 1 was detained for lunacy and 16
were acquitted. (Criminal Statistics for 1913, pp. 8-10.)

In 1914, 59 persons were charged with manslaughter, of
whom 39 were convicted and 20 were acquitted. (Criminal
Statistics for 1914, pp. 8-10.)

In 1913, also in 1914, two persons each year were charged
with infanticide; all four were acquitted. (Criminal Statis-
tics for 1913 and 1914, p. 10.)

The population of the Dominion of Canada is given by the
last census as 7,206,643.

Moorfield Storey (Reform of Legal Procedure, 196), quot-
ing Andrew D. White, says:

"The murder rate in the United Stated is from ten to twenty times
greater than the murder rate of the British Empire and other northwest-
ern European countries."

The World Almanac for 1911, 1912 and 1913, under "Sta
tistics of Homicide," says convictions in Germany equalled

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