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UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA

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and teachers, by the very interrelation of fields, intellectual inter-
change, and coördination on the level of graduate excellence are
integrated in the university. The university guidance of graduate
work should make impossible research in ultra-scholastic and utili-
tarian trivialities, but at the same time should not by a routine
uniformity or traditional control cramp the vigorous and autonomous
life of schools and departments. Tradition and routine should give
way to excellence. The quality of the college, the professional schools,
and the whole university is renewed from and advanced by the
excellence of the graduate school. The college of arts and sciences is
the youthful heart of the university, the professional schools are its
skillful arms, and the graduate school is its crowning glory.

1. Research and Teaching

The two particular functions of the graduate school are to train
students in research and to prepare students to teach. The two func-
tions, though separate in their techniques, reënforce each other in the
unity of the graduate purpose for the advancement of knowledge and
the well-being of the race. In some universities three-fourths of the
graduate students become teachers. A great teacher, without publica-
tion of his researches, is sometimes an apparently unrecognized gift
of God to his generation. Yet research is a resource of the teacher.
There is a sense of reverent humility in him who has to dig in the
sources for his own facts and ideas. There is often a contagious
enthusiasm communicated to the students by the teacher who comes
fresh from the mine bringing the ore in the hands that dug it out.
Research on the part of the teacher in the humanities and sciences
deepens the content and insight of the teacher and makes available
fresh resources for other teachers; develops the scholarly research
spirit in many students, and thus widens the association and the
interchange of the ideas of teachers and scholars around the earth
who, by their patient discovery and teaching of truth, are doing their
hopeful bit toward the gradual making of a better world.

2. Research on its own Account

Research, apart from teaching, has values on its own account. It
was James Madison's patient and thorough researches into the struc-
ture of the Ancient, Western European, and Colonial governments