Elliott, Stephen, 1771-1830. Stephen Elliott papers, 1791- approximately 1947. Notes on plants and natural history. gra00020. Archives of the Gray Herbarium, Botany Libraries, Harvard University.

Where the soil of a pond is clayey may be found

Chironia chloroides Mx ———— 10 andra Walt Cacalia ———— Walt Hydrolea quadrivalvis Walt Dianthera ensiformis Walt Ludwigia microcarpa Mx ———— decurrens Walt Sagittaria lancifolia Mx Asclepias lanceolata Walt ———— incarnata? Walt ———— viridis Walt Eryngium foetidum Walt Pontederia cordata Polygala corymbosa Mx (both varieties) ———— lutea — (on the edges) Spharganophorus verticillatus Mx Coreopsis gladiata Walt.

Ponds usually filled with water and originating rivulets are the habitations of

Nymphaea alba Mx Cyamus luteum of Smith Hydropeltis purpurea of Mx Utricularia ceratophylla Mx ———— affinis integra LeConte ) n.s.

Savannahs are generally destitute of trees but afford a peculiar herbaceous growth— The plants which seem to confine themselves, & these tracts are

The larger growth of Bays are Pond pine, Laurus caroliniana Gordonia lasianthus, Andromeda speciosa Mx, A. nitida Mx, A. paniculata Mx. On the savannah like margins of Bays we usually find

Sarracenia adunca (as well as in flat low pine lands) Utricularia ringens Elliott (where the ground is full of springs) Fothergilla gardenii? Mx. Centaurella paniculata Mx. Narthecium pubens Mx Sarracenia purpurea — (80 miles from the sea) Pinguicula lutea & caerulea Walt. Zigadenus glaberrimus Mx Liatris paniculata Mx. Helonia [Heliconia] angustifolia Mx Arethusa ophioglossoides Mx. Prinos glaber Mx

§2— Moist pine-barrens comprise almost one half of the country in the second stripe especially towards the southern limit. I can not designate any species of Oak excepting 2. phillos var. Mx peculiar to these woods. The pine is the palustris intermingled with pond pine. Gratiola peruviana Walt. Gentiana angustifolia Mx Oldenlandia glomerata Mx Plantago sparsiflora Mx Ludwigia several species Ophiorrhiza or Anonymous 108 Walt Species sessilifolia ———— Sp. petiolat— is a swamp plant —— Eryngium yuccifolium Mx ———— integrifolium Walt. Psoralea melilotoides Mx Hypericum sarothra Mx H. simplex ———— Mx ———— fasciculatum — Mx Vernonia oligophylla Mx Orobanche uniflora Mx Eupatorium linearifolium Mx ———— glandulosum Mx ———— rotundifolium Mx Tussilago integrifolia Mx Conyza pycnostachya Mx Viola cordata Walt. Limodorum tuberosum Mx ———— graminifolium sp. nov. Rhexia virginica Mx ———— lutea Mx & many other species Podalyria tinctoria Mx Podalyria decumbens? Mespilus arbutifolia Mx var. & ————amelanchier? Walt. Hyptis capitata Mx Bartsia coccinea Mx Schwalbea americana Mx Polygal. lut. [Polygala lutea] Mx (more properly than where I have placed it) Hieracium gronovii Mx Liatris elegans Athanasia graminifolia Walt ———— obovata Walt. Doronicum nudicaule Mx Conyza amplexicaulis Mx Uvularia sessilifolia Mx Stillingia ligustrina? Mx Gerardia aszelia Mx Liatris tomentosa Mx Convolvulus aquaticus Walt. Orchis ciliaris & several species

Pine barrens are intersected by rivulets or "branches", these afford Viburnum nudum Walt ———— dentatum Mx Prinos ambiguus Mx ———— enneandrus (N.S.) Gentiana catesbaei (var purple) (fol. oval. consertioribus) Arethusa divaricata Mx Micranthemum orbiculatum Mx Mayaca aubletii— Itea virginica Asclepias laurifolia Mx Clethra alnifolia Mx Styrax laevigatum Mx Hibiscus scaber Orchis lacera Mx

§ 3 High pine lands Dwarf Ilex n.s. Gaura angustifolia Mx Monotropa uniflora Mx Indigofera caroliniana Mx Amorpha herbacea Mx Asclepias obtusifolia Mx Vernonia angustifolia Mx Liatris macrostachya Mx. ——— squarrosa Mx Coreopsis lanceolata (β var.) Rudbeckia hirta Mx Silphium asteriscus Mx Polymnia 4 gonotheca Mx Stillingia sylvatica Mx Croton glandulosum Mx Jatropha stimulosa Mx Annona pygmaea Mx Coreopsis senifolia Mx ——— verticillata Mx Helianthum sp. omnes descript Mx Asclepias tuberosa Mx Shrankia

Sand ridges Petalostemum corymbosum Mx Gerardia pedicularia Mx Psoralea canescens Mx Asclepias humistrata Walt. Convolvulus panduratus Mx ——— trichosanthes Mx Zornia 4 phylla Mx Tradescantia rosea Mx

§ 4 Swamps— The bluffs or declivities afford Uvularia perfoliata Mx Convallaria racemosa Mx ——— biflora Walt. Tilia laxiflora Mx Hamamelis virginica Ruellia strepens Mx ——— oblongifolia Mx Verbesina siegesbeckia Mx Styrax grandiflorum Mx Asclepias hybrida Mx Verbena aubletia Mx Arethusa spicata Walt. Crataegus populifolia Walt. Ilex prinoides Mx Crataegus oxyacantha Walt. Smilax pseudochina Walt. Angelica — Walt.

I lay before Mr. Elliott an enumeration of such species as agreeably to my limited observation characterize the natural divisions of our state alluded to in his paper. I feel much hestiation in attempting to give the precise range or local habitation any single plant. I ought to inform him that with our maritime frontier I am fully unacquainted.

The "second belt" I suppose to commence at about the distance of 30 miles from the sea shore and is nearly 100 miles broad. In this region it will be necessary to point out the following varieties of 1 Ponds, Savanahs, Bays or moist thickets, 2 flat moist pine Barrens 3 high pinelands & sand ridges 4 Swamps connected with water courses, and 5 Sand hills.

§ 1 Ponds, savannahs, & bays are prominent features in this stripe. They commence in the first belt & begin to disappear at the distance of 100 miles from the ocean. About 40 miles above Columbia between the Saluda & Broad rives in a cypress pond, this I presume is one the farthest removed from the sea. The growth of a pond is generally as follows,

Stephen Elliott esq {esquire} Silk Hope By Cyras

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