1956s.17-ms-10

men were exercising their constitutional
right. They had not been convicted nor
even accused of any crime. I feel reasonably
sure that one or more of them refused to
answer purely as a matter of principle,
as I myself once did, at a session of the
Calif. State Senate Committee on Legislation,
investigating the U. of Calif. oath, in
order to emphasize my contention that
this oath should not be required.

As a result of their actions, they have
in general had to give up their posts and
take others that in general offer much less opportunity
for effective scientific work.

MARTIN KAMEN

Another branch of the government that
restricts the freedom of scientists in an
arbitrary and unjustified way is the
State Department, which may refuse
a passport to a scientist, in the
past often without permitting him