Trench and Camp March 23, 1918 pg.1

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TRENCH AND CAMP

PUBLISHED BY THE ARMY Y.M.C.A WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE GREENVILLE DAILY NEWS UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE NATIONAL WAR WORK COUNCIL Y.M.C.A of THE UNITED STATES

Vol. 1. GREENVILLE, S. C., MARCH 23, 1918. No. 24

Sevier Soldiers Now in Training Soon to Return

By Leo. J. Rasche.

Camp Stanley, Leon Springs, Texas March 18, 1918.--The thoughts of Camp Sevier's quota at the Reserve Officers' Training Camp here are waflting Carolinaward now, as the training period enters its final stages. It has been a fast, furious, fatiguring course, and one requiring real red blood to meet and withstand the grueling tests of manhood imposed. The labor has been of the severest type and the study intensive and continuous.

The trench work and field work has strained every nerve and muscle, and on the rifle range the deadly accuracy of the fire, so characteristically American, gave proof positive that these tanned soldiers of the Southland carving out their way to advancement, on the plains of Texas, will make a good showing Over There.

"As fine a body of troops as I have ever seen" was the comment of General Allen last week after the long, straight lines had passed in review before him in company with Governor Williams, of Oklahoma, who has visited practically all of the training camps. And it was. All the infantry, cavalry and artillery of the camp passed in that review, and Capt. Bertrand, the French army official in charge of trench work was enthusiastic.

"You are as good, as snappy, a bunch of soldiers and as full of powerful punch as any I ever saw," said Major Koehler, one of the world's premier physical directors, of West Point, who has helped graduate many classes from the famous military academy, in his fond farewell address. Major Koehler spent about three weeks at camp anw endeared himself to all the boys while exacting from them every ounce of energy they had. He left with them pep, power, punch, and a resolution

At the end of the course, the boys will have traversed on foot since Jan. 7 over a thousand miles of territory in their hikes and drills. They are all as hard as adobe blocks and as tanned as the Mexicans. It has been a long, hard, up-hill pull, but the rainbow now rises in the East and across the distance the Sevier soldiers of the Carolinas and Tennessee, can imagine it as arching the hills of Dixie in the vicinity of Greenville. They are eager to turn from the cactus to greet the magnolia. They have accomplished much and they will return better soldiers. They have cast their fates in the urn of Frtunate and are now eagerly hopeful that their chevrons will be returned therefrom transformed into bars. But the days of toil will only begin with success because success comes from service and, in turn, exacts service.

As the end of camp draws near the boys find within themselves a feeling of fondness for their home organizations that grows warmer with the approach of spring. Crowded moments have necessarily limited their letters, but barracks discussions have frequently grown warm as they contented for the superiority of their units over others. One could easily be convinced here that every company Camp Sevier is the finest on earth and every soldier here can furnish unquestionable proof that his company or regiment made the best record of any in the nation during the memorable Mexican border mobilization of 1916-1917.

But as to that the test is ahead. [story contines end of column 2]

"THE AMERICAN SHOWS NO ENTHUSIAM" (German Report)

[Illustration spanning columns 2 and 3, showing a soldier charging a trench with bayonet fixed. The soldiers that had been in the trench are shown running away.] THE BOCHES DON'T WAIT TO SEE -N. Y. Herald

[Headline spans columns 2 and 3] "Y" - Unit 85 Formally Dedicated

Thursday night, March 14th, is one that will be long remembered by all of those who have been interested in the development of the work at Unit Eighty-Five.

This delightful event grew out of the interest that the ladies of the missionary Society of the Buncombe St Methodist Church, have taken in the growth and work of this unit. Miss McDavid, the chairman and the other ladies appointed on this committee to beautify our building, have for the past month given unstintingly of their time and effort, in the direction of the work of renovation and decoration. They have painted, kalsomined, and decorated the whole interior of the main room. Beautiful pictures line the walls the windows are gracefully draped and window boxed, filled with blooming daffodils brighten the outlook Thursday afternoon the building was closed to the public so thath things could be put in ship-shape order and the ladies could arrange the floral and other decorations.

When the hour for the program arrived, the house was packed. The platform was graced and dignified [Story contines column 3]

[continued from columnn 1] History now is before us, not behind us. And in the crucial hour of mankind it is safe to say that all the units of the nation will acquit themselves as Americans have ever and always done--foemen worthy of foemens' steel, and worthy of the magnificent world cause they go forth into the furnace to represent, to uphold, to fight for and to conquer for, and they shall go there from the furnace, white-hot with savagery and lust, a rehabiliated world and crown it with the glorious prize of a tranquil, a complete, and a lasting civilization.

[continued from column 2] by leading men of the military, the church, the Y. M. C. A., and profesionaly civilian life. A great national flag was the center piece in the imposing back-ground. Connected with this and draped across the corners of the rostrum were the regimental flags of the 117th and 118th. The front seats of the center section of the auditorium, were occupied by the ladies who, in the name of Christ their church and society had rendered the service that made this occasion posible. To the right of the stage was grouped the 117th regimental orchestra.

Mr. E. D. Langley, our beloved Camp Secretary acted as presiding officer of the evening. The program was opened up by a splendid selection of the orchestra followed by a most fitting prayer offered by Dr. Kilgo, the pastor of the Buncombe St. Methodist Church of Greenville.

Chaplain Foster then clearly defined the important place that Unit 85 had filled in the life of the camp. He paid special tribute to the way in which our staff and Headquarters staff had cooperated with him in his work. And as he spoke we all thought how large and far-reaching his wrk has been, and how efficiently he has cooperated with us. Every word he said could be distinctly heard in the extreme rear of the room.

Our Camp Secretary, Mr. Langley, in his quiet unassuming way, briefly reviewed the history of Unit 85 from the cutting down of the trees, thru the early weeks of foundation work to the present consummation, and pointed out on to greater acbhievements ahead. Rightful and delicate tribute was paid to all who had a part in bringing things to pass, excepting himself. We realized then how much our own Building Dire[Story continues end of column 4]

Evangelists Will Hold Sway in Camp All Next Week.

The last week in this month promises to be a memorable one in the history of the Y. M. C. A. at Camp Sevier. Our Atlanta Headquaters recently sent out directions to the effect that religious services be held in all of our buildings during that week. The staff in each building is at work preparing for the services. These meetings will begin in some of the Units on Sunday 24th and continue through Friday evening. In other Units they will begin on Monday night of the 25th and continue through Sunday the 31st.

The following ministers of prominence and outstanding ability have consented to come and preach during the week:

Dr. E. K. McLarty, of WinstonSalem, N. C.

Rev. Loy D. Thompson, of Statesville, N. C.

Rev. George Douglass, of Flushing, New York.

Dr. Pendleton Jones, of Edgefield, S. C.

Three other ministers have been asked to come but have not yet replied. Chaplain Robeson has arranged to conduct special services in Unit 84. In connection with the work of preparation for these services it will be well for all who are interested in the welfare of these splendid fellos who are in our Army Camps preparing for the great conflict overseas to heed the timely suggestion appearing in one of our great religious papers:

Never in the history of the Church of God has there been a time hen all the leadings of God's providence pointed more insistently to the need of earnest, prevailing prayer and intercession. The Church cannot lay too large emphasis upon the fact that prayer is the most tremendous power that God has put into the hands of His people for the accomplishment of His purposes. "Prayer changes things." We must remember, however, that before it can change things for us it must change things in us. There are many encouragements to prayer in the Word of God and many promises to those who persevere in prayer.

[continued from column 3] ctor, and certain members of his early staff had given of themselves. Mr. Langley made special mention of the encouragement and assistance rendered by Gen. Tyson and other members of the military staff. He also paid due tribute to the cooperation of the people and churches of Greenville, and in closing, to the special church (Buncombe St Methodist) whose ladies have done so much for us.

Colonel Berkley, as the representative of Gen. Tyson, recently called to Washington, D. C., in a few wellchosen, forceful words, expressed the Military Staff's appreciation of the contribution being made by Unit 85. As he spoke, we thought of that day in a Massachusetts town, when Marshall Field, had come half way across the continent to speak at the dedication of a beautiful library he had built for his native town. It was also, his FIRST speech, occupied just ten minutes, and left us hungering for more men of DEEDS and ew words make us feel that way. We wanted to hear from Major Howell, but he is another man of Deeds.

The main address of the evening was delivered by President Henry N. Snyder, Wofford College, Spartanburg. In happy and humorous vein, he at once tied up his deeper thought with the patriotic past, and the characteristic present in the lives of the brave sturdy kaki-clad sons (Continued on Center page)

TRENCH AND CAMP

[A long narrow illustration runs the length of the left side of the page. At the top is an old woman knitting. In the panel below her, there is an explosion in the sky and a man (probably a soldier) on horseback, a sword raised above his head. In the panel below are a couple of sailors on the deck of a ship.]

"THE BARRACKS WHEEZE" By PRIVATE CHET SHAFER (Aviation Corps, Somewhere in Texas)

The Main trouble With Being A Roistering Blade In the army Is that You Lose Your edge On The Bars.

ALL WINTER LONG A SQUAD LEADER AT CAMP CUSTER HAS BEEN CALLING "SUMMERTIME" AND THAT PRIVATE HAS MAINTAINED THE SUPREME CHIN TO ANSWER "HERE."

After a few weeks it's an easy matter to fraternize with the lumps in the straw tick.

BUT IT'S HARD TO GET CLUBBY WITH A BOILER FILLED WITH ONIONS FOR PEELING.

When they pettishly requested Edgar Rinaldo to "can" the noise after the lights were out he placed the blame on the woof of his blankets.

That birdie Is A Wiz Who Knows How he sits When He's Sitting pretty.

Is there anyone else present who wishes a bottle of this tonic?

ITS ALMOST TIME TO POST ANOTHER LIST OF BORES--THOSE WHO ARE CONTINUALLY SAYING --"WELL, THAT'S NOT THE WAY WE DID IT ON THE BORDER."

"Flirting--In Two Counts."

"EXERCISE--BEGIN."

On his way out from the mess Eustace remarked that he was getting fashionable--he had just finished a slumming tour.

From Websters: Slum--An army stew. A euphonious word, powerfully descriptive, imperiously attractive and smacking of dignity.

And Webster, in his day, despite his lack of tools, didn't skid very much.

AND--

ANY WAY YOU READ IT

IT'S A LONG, LONG

STORY.

There will be special wards [at?] the state asylums later on for those who lost their marbles trying to figure out the thickness of their blankets.

THE WRIST WATCH

Out of the first million men utilized for the national army almost as many secured wrist watches as commissions. The pieces, with phosphore[c?]ent dials, went heavy on furloughs. In camp they were about as useless as a mad dog. With the recognition of the infallibility of the bugle and the top-sergeant's whistle thousands of the tickers were sold after the first week for anything from a split on a box from home to six-bits 'till payday.

Many excuses have been offered for the wrist watch but the most reasonable, coming from a high authority, credits it with creating the necessity for a seond hole in the left wristlet.

Wrist watches were not used at Valley Forge. At that time the soldiers were fighting for liberty instead of passes home.

WOULD ELEVATE MUSICIANS

A bill has been introduced in Congress by Senator Robinson which would create the position of bandmaster for chief musicians in the cavalry, infantry, artillery and Engineers' Corps, who would have the rank of second lieutenant and receive the same benefit in respect to pay, emolument and retirement arising from longevity.

DOUBLE LEAVE NECESSARY

Officer: Now, Smith, you had twenty-four hours' leave to see your wife and child. You have been away forty-eight. What have you got to say for yourself?

Smith: But it was twins, sir.-- [Judge?]

[cartoon spans columns 2 and 3] LEFT AT THE POST [A solder is standing in front of a fence holding a rifle. A woman is in front of him with her back to him. He says:] Corporal Of The Guard! RELIEF

C.P.BLEDSOE, MED DEPT., 106-ENGRS, CAMP WHEELR, GA.

[headline and article span columns 2 and 3] Learn French

You will find it a mighty good thing when you get to France, if you can "parler francais" a little--and what's more, if you can make out what a Frenchman means when he "parle francais" at you.

Suppose you are in a sector next to French troops, or are close to French troops in a big offensive; suppose you have to take a quick order or message from a French officer; suppose you have a chance to help a wounded "poilu"; suppose you're wounded yourself; suppose you are billeted in a French house; suppose you're sent to make purchases, or to get information from peasants or townspeople; your knowledge of French might make the difference between delay and speed, between blundering and efficiency, between comfort and discomfort, between suffering and relief-- even between life and death, between defeat and victory.

Moreover, you are going to have the opportunity in France to get acquainted with one of the finest nations on the face of the earth--a nation whose mind is alive and keen, a nation of fine feeling and heroic achievement; and you can't get really acquainted with them unless you can talk with their men and read their papers.

There are thousands and thousands of men in the army studying French right now. General Pershing himself studied French on the way across. There are hundreds of classes in French behind the lines "Over There"--when they get there they realize how much they need it. There are just about seventy-five thousand men enrolled in French classes in the training camps at home. In some cantonments work in French is required of large groups of officers and of men.

The Y. M. C. A. maintains classes in French in every big camp, and expects to develop this work more and more. Find out about the Y. M. C. A. French classes in your camp, and if you can arrange to attend them regularly, by all means do so.

But if you can't, here's the next best thing: Trench and Camp today begins a special series of French lessons, intended for the men who can't attend the classes. These lessons are to be very simple. They will consist mainly in giving you the particular words and phrases that are most important for you to know, showing you how they are pronounced, telling you what they mean, and combining them in practical sentences. They won't teach you all the French there is, but they will give you a good start. And here goes for

[headline spans columns 2 and 3] LESSON 1

WORDS AND PHRASES

THE words and phrases are given first in their real French spelling; then in a special spelling that shows how they are to be pronounced; then the English meaning is given.

donnez-moi, done' mwa, give me de l'eau, duh l oh, some water du lait, du l'e, some milk du cafe', du kafe', some coffee de la soupe, duh la soop, some soup des pommes de terre, de' pom duh t'er, some potatoes s'il vous plait, s ee voo pl'e, please monsieur, muhsyuh, sir merci, m'ersee, thank you voulez-vous? voole' voo? do you want? oui, wee, yes

In the special spellings that show how words are to be pronounced:

a sounds like a in English father 'e sounds like e in English met e' sounds like a in English fate ee sounds like ee in English beet.

In making 'e, e', and ee, draw back the corners of your lips.

o sounds like o in English softer, oh sounds like o in English go, oo sounds like oo in English boot, uh sounds like e in English fern, when the r is not pronounced. [continued in column 3]

MUD CAUSES BAD WOUNDS

Discovery has been made by a major in the Medical Department, U. S. A., just returned from France that mud can and frequently does cause serious wounds on soldiers' bodies. A bullet striking the ground may throw up a splash of mud with sufficient velocity to penetrate the skin. The soil of France and Belgium is so highly fertilized that a dangerous wound often results.

TEN MILES GAINED

According to the annual report of the British Aeronautical Engineering Society, the speed of British scout airplanes was increased ten miles an hour by the substitution of flat "stream line" wires for the ordinary circular wires formerly used.

[continued from column 2] In making o, oh, oo, and uh, stick out your lips.

The letter u indicates a sound quite different from any English sound. It is made with the lips in the same position as for oo and the tongue in the same position as for ee. To practice this sound, get the lips rounded as for whistling, and then, holding them firmly in that position, try to say ee.

Notice that French words are not spelled consistently; and notice in particular that many letters that appear in the spelling of the French word, especially final consonants, are not pronounced at all.

Notice that the expression for "some" is different before different nouns.

EXERCISE

1. Try to understand these sentences, and then pronounce them carefully, according to the pronunciations indicated above: Voulez-vous de l'eau? Ooi, monsieur. Donnez-moi des pommes de terre, s'il vous plait. Merci, monsieur. Donnez-moi du cafe', s'il vous plait. Voulez-vous de la soupe? Merci. Voulez-vois du lait, monsieur? Oui, merci.

2. Say in French: Will you have some coffee? Yes, thank you. Give me some potatoes, please. Do you want any soup? No, thank you. Give me some water, please.

Cut this lesson out and keep it, and watch for Lesson 2 next week!

OFFER HAIR FOR BELTING

Having heard that German women were cutting off their hair and giving it to the Kaiser to make belting for machinery in his munition factories, a Pennsylvania mother and daughter made a similar offer to the War Department. The patriotic offer of the "crowning glory" was declined with thanks and the explanation that the United States government is not quite that hard up yet.

SPENDING BILLIONS

A statement recently issued by Secretary of Treasury McAdoo showed that in the six months prior to January 1 the military establishment of the country had spent $1,700,000,000 and that by June 30 this year $8,790,- 000,000 will have been spent.

Changes in Insignia Of U. S. Officers Urged To Prevent Confusion

Suggestion has been made by a major in one of the United States Engineers commands now in France that the insignia of the commissioned officers from second lieutenant to colonel be slightly changed to prevent confusion in the minds of French and British soldiers.

The second lieutenants with their gold shoulder bars and brown braid on their sleeves are primarily responsible for the major making the suggestion. Writing home the major said :

"A lot of second lieutenants arrived yesterday from the United States with a single gold bar on their shoulders and khaki colored braid on their overcoat sleeves. It makes them more distinguished in appearance than first lieutenants and greatly impresses the French, who, in common with the rest of the world, think gold is superior to silver. We have the same thing in the gold leaf for a major and a silver leaf of the same pattern for a lieutenant colonel."

The major suggests that the second lieutenants' gold bar be eliminated and that officers of that rank be given a single silver bar. First lieutenants could be designated by two silver bars; captains could be given the silvery leaf, the majors could retain the gold leaf, the lieutenant colonel could be designated by the silver eagle, while a gold eagle could be uesd by colonels.

"Our system does not seem to be rational and is entirely arbitrary," says this major. "In every other army in the world a single device-- braid, star, pip, etc.--indicates a second lieutenant, two a first lieutenant; three a captain, etc. Officers and civilians are continually having us explain our system, which calls for much memorizing without any mnemonic aid. Also on the sleeves of our overcoats we are one behind other armies. Since we are acting with armies having a definite system we should conform. One braid for a second lieutenant, two for a first lieutenant, three for a captain, four for a major, five for a lieutenant colonel, six for a colonel. The change would be easy to make and would not cost much. As it is our first lieutenants are thought to be second lieutenants, our captains to be first lieutenants, our majors to be captains, etc."

The present gold and silver shoulder strap designation for officers and chevron system for non-commissioned officers in the United States Army was adopted in 1847. Originally lieutenant colonels wore two leaves to differentiate them from majors.

It has been suggested that if the United States creates the rank of field marshal during the war the insignia would have to be a sun, similar to that worn by Marshal Joffre on the front of his coat, as four stars are now being used to indicate the rank of general.

AMERICAN WOUNDED GET BEST OF CARE

No American soldier who has the misfortune to be wounded in France will suffer from lack of care, as reports show that the medical branch of our army is splendidly equipped for its work. Indeed, an injured man will probably receive better attention than he could secure at home, for many specialists of national reputation, besides some of the best women nurses are serving as volunteers in the military hospitals.

A careful system for handling the disabled has been worked out. If a soldier receives a wound in the trenches it is dressed at once from the first-aid kit, which every man carries. Stretcher bearers or his comrades then assist him to the first-aid dressing station, usually a dugout and ofthen within a hundred yards of the fighting line. A hammock stretcher has been devised for use in narrow, winding trenches.

The medical officer at the first-aid station gives the wound a more careful dressing, injects anti-tetanus serum and telephones for an ambulance. The latter comes as close to the front as is possible, always a dangerous service, as German flyers regard both ambulances and hospitals as fair targets for their bombs.

The wounded man is taken to the field hospital, four or five miles to the rear, and his injury is inspected. If an operation is imperative, it is performed; but if the patient is strong enough, he is made comfortable and sent without delay to an evacuation hospital, eight or ten miles from the front, and where American women nurses are on duty. If it is possible, every wounded soldier will be under the care of a woman nurse, in a place of comparative quiet and safety, within twenty-four hours after his injury is received.

TRENCH AND CAMP

[cartoon spans columns 1-3] NO WONDER SHE WAITS HE'LL BE SOME HUSBAND WHEN HE COMES BACK [In the center is a cameo-like picture of a woman's profile.] Peeling Spuds will be nothing new - [A man is sitting on a box labeled "PRUNES", peeling potatoes.] Scrubbing is all part of the game -- [A man is on his hands and knees, scrubbing the floor with a brush.] No trouble to pack fuel [A man is carrying an armload of firewood.] When she wants him to sweep she can say: "John Police the Barracks." - Ha'll do it! [A man is standing, holding a broom.] Monday's will be a cinch for Wifey. [A man is bent over a washtub, a cigarette in his mouth, his sleeves rolled up, and his hands in the tub. The tub is on top of a box labeled "XXX BRAND HARDTACK."] And he'll be used to staying in at night -- and going without "Just one more" - T.C. Manning B- 29th Eng

Officers Should Stimulate Enthusiasm of Their Men

"The first condition in order to stimulate the interest of the men is the enthusiasm of the officers," says Major H. M. Nelly, Adjutant 34th Division, National Guard, in an official bulletin dated at Camp Cody N.M. "Inspiration is contagious, and if the commanding officer has it, it will gradually be communicated to all in his organization. Then the purpose of each drill must be made perfectly clear to each man. American soldiers have not yet acquired the habit of doing things simply for the purpose of doing them. The war value of each exercise should be clearly set forth in meetings with the non-commissioned officers, and these instructed to explain it to the men. The writer, for example, knows nothing more tedious than constant repetition of the trigger squeeze exercise as a thing for its own sake. Done day after day for an hour or more, it is enough to drive even a dull man insane. But it is the only way to learn to shoot accurately. And looked at from this angle it is a means of the very sort of efficiency most needed in trench and open fighting. The same is true of bomb throwing, gun laying, fuse setting, trench digging, patroling, and all the thousand and one little things we are instructed to do day after day. If the officer will see to it that he enters into the supervision of the drills in the same spirit in which he wished the men to carry them out, much of the dreariness will disappear. What we learn to do now under simulated battle conditions are the same things we shall have to do later when bullets are flying. If we can keep our interest to learn to do them well now, we shall be so much the safer and more efficient when we do them in front of the enemy."

FRENCH HONOR WILSON

A statue of President Wilson is to be placed in the public square in the town of Aix-les-Bains, France. Money with which to purchase the statue was contributed by French men and women of all classes. Considerable money was donated by American soldiers using Aix-les-Bains as a rest camp after seeing service in the trenches.

TRENCH LINGO

Here is some trench lingo translated: AMMO--Ammunition BAT--Battalion BULLY BEEF--Canned corn beef; called "Tinned Willie" in the U. S. Army. CHAR--Tea (derived from the East Indian Language) CLICK--To die. To be clicked means to be killed. CHAT--Officers' term for vermin which the men call COOTIE. DIXIE--An oblong iron box of five gallon capacity and used on field kitches for making coffee, soup, etc. FAG--Cockney English for cigarette. GRAYBACK--A German soldier. Applied because the Hun wears a field gray uniform. GROUSING--Complaining and kicking. KIP--To sleep. FLOP and DOSS mean the same. MILLS--A hand grenade resembling a lemon in size and shape. NAPPER--The head. STOKES--An eleven-pound bomb hurled by mortar or by hand. TIN HAT--Steel helmet to protect the head from shrapnel. ZERO--A military term indicating the time at which any contemplated move is to be started. The time before and after is reckoned as plus or minus zero.

Government Takes Charge Of Air Around Reservations

"For the protection of the Army and Navy," President Wilson issued a proclamation forbidding any but licensed aviators to fly the air over or near any military or naval camp, cantonment, fort or station. The licenses will be granted by a joint board of the Army and Navy, but it is not expected many will be issued.

The President's proclamation contained this paragraph: "In case any aircraft shall disregard this proclamation or the terms of the license, it shall be the right and duty of the military or naval forces to treat the aircraft as hostile and to fire upon it or to otherwise destroy it, notwithstanding the resulatant danger to hu man life."

KILLED 30 HUNS

A Bronx, N. Y., school boy, thirteen years old, claims to have killed thirty Germans on the French front by bayonetting or shooting them. He is unusually large for his years and when he told a Canadian recruiting officer he was eighteen he was accepted and shipped "Over There." When he was wounded at the front and sent to a hospital behind the lines, his mother was notified by cable and immediately informed the British authorities that the boy was only thirteen years old. Upon recovering the veteran of several battles who says he counted thirty Germans that he had killed was sent back to the United States and has resumed his studies in school.

AN HONEST SERGEANT

Recently a non-commissioned officer was mistaken by a new recruit on sentry duty, who saluted him. The non-commissioned officer, ignorant that his colonel was nearby, returned the salute. Next morning he was ordered to report to the colonel, where he was asked why he returned the salute when he, the "non-com," knew he was not entitled to it.

"Sir," he answered, "I always return everything I am not entitled to."

The colonel dismissed him.

Taps Will Soon Blow On Govt. Insurance

It is getting along toward April 12, which means that the final respite given delinquent American soldiers to insure their lives with the government is about to expire.

No government has ever been as generous to its soldiers as the United States. A precedent was established when the American government decided to insure the lives of its fighting men--men whom private insurance companies would not touch with a forty-foot pole.

Although a soldier may not have anything in the world but the thirty per he is drawing from Uncle Sam, he can immediately create an estate of $10,000 by taking out a policy with the government. This $10,000 is payable to his mother, wife, children or other relatives in case he does not come back. If he returns totally disabled it is payable to him.

Only a small percentage of the soldiers in the training camps failed to take out insurance before February 12, the original time limit set by the government, but there are still some men who have failed to make themselves of the government's generosity.

It is better to rejoice than regret. If you haven't insured your life for all you can afford--which ought to be all the government will allow-- you haven't been as square to the folks back home as you could have been. If you don't want to take a tormenting thought like that 3,000 miles across the ocean with you, INSURE BEFORE APRIL 12.

Domino Shortage Averted When U.S. Cork Bobs Up to Pinch Hit for German Wood

Once again American ingenuity has come to the rescue of American soldiers about to be deprived of amusement. A threatened shortage in dominoes has been promptly met and all the indications are that the 20,000 sets needed for soldiers in khaki at home and "Over There" will be supplied at the desired time.

The shortage was due to the increased demand for dominoes by the devotees of "Muggins," and to the fact that the sets used in America formerly came from Germany, whose exports to this country have not been very extensive for some three years and a half.

When the threatened shortage was reported in the camps, the Y. M. C. A. sent out an S O S for help. A prompt answer came from the employes of the Armstrong Cork Company, Lancaster, Pa., who volunteered to stay after hours to make dominoes for the soldiers. The demonoes are being made of scrap cork carpet, donated by the company, which also had a special machine made to stamp out the blocks from double nothing to double six. The new cork dominoes are better than the old wooden ones from Germany, according to the soldiers who have used them.

This is second tragedy averted in the amusement world. It was only a few weeks ago that a checker shortage occurred owing to the fact that the supply from Germany had been cut off. This situation was met by the use of old-fashioned, checked linoleum and oil cloth.

TAKES CHARGE OF CANTEENS

At the request of General Pershing, the Y. M. C. A. has taken charge of all the American canteens in France and has sent Herbert L. Pratt, vice-president of the Standard Oil Company "Over There" to reorganize the canteen service. Prices will be fixed so as to be the same at all the canteens and everything soldiers want to buy will placed on sale. Alex N. McFayden, of Detroit, general superintendent of a chain of 165 five and ten cent stores will be director general of canteens in France. Sales amounting to $4,000,000 were made at the 350 Y. M. C. A. canteens in France during the month of December. Several hundred additional canteens will be provided.

DON'T CARRY OFF THE SHIP.

Souvenir gatherers among the American troops already sent to France have done so much damage to the transports that orders have been issued by the War Department to commanding officers to see that the practice is discontinued. Not content with carving their names in conspicuous places, thus defacing the wood work, soldiers are said to have pocketed all the napkins, knives, forks, spoons and other portable articles they could lay thier hands on as souvenirs of their journey across the Atlantic.

SEND THEM HOME

Send all your copies of Trench and Camp to the home folks. They will appreciate them as well as you

[A long, narrow series of illustrations runs the length of the right side of the page. At the top is a bare tree, with a man standing in profile, smoking a pipe. He is holding an ax, which is resting on a tree trunk. Below that, a cloud or perhaps an explosion is in the sky, over trees, with another explosion in front of the trees. Two men, on an motorcycle and sidecar, are riding along a road, with another explosion in front of them. Below that, Uncle Sam sits in front of a cannon.]

TRENCH AND CAMP

[A long, narrow series of illustrations runs along the length of the left side of the page. At the top, there is a cloud or perhaps an explosion in the sky. A soldier is holding two flags, in semaphore fashion. Below that, an explosion is in the sky above a bare tree. A few soldiers are shown in action, one carrying a rifle. Below that, a soldier stands, holding a rifle.]

[Section spans columns 1 and 2.]

TRENCH & CAMP

Published weekly at the National Camps and Cantonments for the soldiers of the United States

National Headquarters: Room 504, Pulitzer Building New York City

JOHN STEWART BRYAN Chairman of Advisory Board of Co-operating Publishers

Camp and Location Newspaper Publisher Camp Beauregard, Alexandria, La. ... New Orleans Times Picayune ... D. D. Moore Camp Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas ... Fort Worth Star Telegram ... Amon C. Carter Camp Cody, Deming, N. Mex. ... El Paso Herald ... H. D. Slater Camp Custer, Battle Creek, Mich. ... Battle Creek Enquirer-News ... A. L. Miller Camp Devens, Ayer, Mass. ... Boston Globe ... Charles H. Taylor, Jr. Camp Dix, Wrightstown, N. J. ... Trenton Times ... James Kerney Camp Dodge, Des Moines, Iowa ... Des Moines Register .... Gardner Cowles Camp Doniphan, Fort Sill, Okla. ... Oklahoma City Oklahoman ... E. K. Gaylord Camp Forrest, Chickamauga, Ga. ... Chattanooga (Tenn.) Times ... H. C. Alder Camp Fremont, Palo Alto, Cal. ... San Francisco Bulletin ... R. A. Crothers Camp Funston, Fort Riley, Kan. ... Topeka State Journal ... Frank P. MacLennan Camp Gordon, Atlanta, Ga. ... Atlanta Constitution ... Clark Howell Camp Grant, Rockford, Ill. ... The Chicago Daily News ... Victor F. Lawson Camp Greene, Charlotte, N. C. ... Charlotte Observer ... W. P. Sullivan Camp Hancock, Augusta, Ga. ... Augusta Herald ... Bowdre Phinizy Camp Jackson, Columbia, S. C. ... Columbia State ... W. W. Ball Camp Johnston, Jacksonville, Fla. ... Jacksonville Times-Union ... W. A. Elliott Camp Kearny, Linda Vista, Cal. ... Los Angeles Times ... Harry Chandler Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va. ... Richmond News Leader ... John Stewart Bryan Camp Lewis, American Lakes, Wash. ... Tacoma Tribune ... F. S. Baker Camp Logan, Houston, Texas ... Houston Post ... Gough J. Palmer Camp MacArthur, Waco, Texas ... Waco Morning News ... Charles E. Marsh Camp McClellan, Anniston, Ala. ... Birmingham (Ala.) News ... E. P. Glass Camp Meade, Admiral, Md. ... Wash., D. C. Evening Star ... Fleming Newbold Camp Pike, Little Rock, Ark. ... Arkansas Democrat ... Elmer E. Clarke Camp Sevier, Greenville, S. C. ... Greenville Daily News ... B. H. Peace Camp Shelby, Hattiesburg, Miss. ... New Orleans Item ... James M. Thomson Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Ala. ... Montgomery Advertiser ... C. H. Allen Camp Zachary Taylor, Louisville, Ky. ... Louisville Courier Journal ... Bruce Haldeman Camp Travis, San Antionio, Texas ... } Keliy Field and Camp Stanley ... } San Antonio Light ... Charles S. Diehl Camp Upton, Yaphank, L. I., N. Y. ... New York World ... Don. C. Seitz Camp Wheeler, Macon, Ga. ... Macon Telegraph ... P. T. Anderson

Published under the auspices of the National War Work Council, Y. M. C. A. of the United States, with the co-operation of the above named publishers and papers.

Distributed free to the soldiers in the National Camps and Cantonments. Civilian subscription rates on application

[headline spans columns 1 and 2] GERMANY'S GAINS IN RUSSIA

In the words of Colonel Starbottle, of Kentucky, ''Germany has whittled Russia down to a wishbone.'' Poland, which Germany seized and now holds, is 43,804 square miles. Next to Poland, on the north, lies Lithuania and the Baltic provinces, the scene of outrages that are even worse than those in Belgium and Poland. This territory is 86,965 square miles.

That means, in terms of our states, that Germany has done what would be the same as if she had organized Maine and Massahcusetts into a separate government and then seized all of New York and two-thirds of Pennsylvania for herself.

This is not all, for the Ukraine, that great granary of Southwest Russia, inluding Volhynia, has been recognized as a separate republic, which is as if Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, [continued in column 2]

[headline spans columns 1 and 2] FRANCE, THE MOTHER OF EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY

One hunderd and forty years ago French soldiers crossed the sea to make this land of ours safe for democracy. It was, thanks largely to them that we secured our independance. We might perhaps have turned the trick without them, but we needed their help sorely and they gave it in the generous spirit which the Frenchman knows how to give--asking nothing and gaining nothing except the satisfaction of striding a good blow in a righteous cause. In the same generous spirit our American soldiers are fighting in France. Through them at last we have a chance to repay an old debt of gratitude to the Frence people. For the cause of France and the cause of democracy are one today, as they were in the days of Washington and Lafayette.

Ever since then France has been one of the foremost champions of the democratic spirit in Europe. Lafeyette carried back the sword which he had used so well in America to strike down despotism in his own land. He put himself at the head of a French Revolution, and sought to win for France what he had helped to win for America. No doubt his efforts were stimulated by the fact that he had learned in America not only that despotism could be overthrown but also that democracy could be made to work. The programme of the French Revolutionists was indeed much like our own, and their Declaration of Rights embodied the same principles of government by the people which were set forth in our Declaration of Independence.

While much which the revolutionists in France did was bad and much which they builded perished, the ideals of liberty, equality and fraternity which they proclaimed have ever since been the political watchwords of the French people. In these words, moreover, they not only defined their own position but they set up a standard to which the growing liberal spirit in Europe at large could rally. France led continental Europe in the march towards democracy. The other countries more or less readily followed.

France had no sooner established her own democracy than she had to face the combined armies of Prussia and Austria. The despots who ruled those lands rightly feared that unless freedom were stamped out by France it [continued in column 2]

ROOKIES' MISTAKE

Newly drafted men arriving at some of the camps mistook the brigadier generals' flags on the front of automobiles for service flags.

[continued from column 1] West Virginia and half of Kentucky had been set up as a separate government here in the United States.

But this does not take into account Bessarabian Russia, with its 92,069 square miles. This slice of fertile territory is equal to the other half of Kentucky, half of Tennessee, and all of North Carolina.

The Turks, too, have not been idle.

Their little pickings of 16,932 square miles seem insignificant beside these great depredations. But the government of Kars and the dstricts of Karabagh and Batum which the Turks took mean more loss to Russia than we would suffer if Mexico controlled the mountain passes and the Rio Grande crossings on the Mexican border.

In the face of such colossal losses, there is only one thing for the Allies to do, and that is to beat Germany and destroy Prussianism!

[continued from column 1] would presently arouse their own downtrodden subjects. But their enslaved soldiery was no match for the free soldiers of France. The armies of the Revolution, fighting over the same fields where France fights today, drove back the Germans, delivered France and presently carried their standards deep into the country of the enemy. To the oppressed peoples of Austria and Prussia they came not as foes but as deliverers. For their victories meant the overthrow of the old cruel autocracies and the establishment of a new political order based upon the sovereignty of the people.

Unfortunately the uniform success of the French armies led them by degrees to forget the principles for which they fought, and to attach undue importance to military glory and conquest for its own sake. It was that fact principally which enabled that greatest of military adventurers, Napoleon Bonaparte, to turn the valor of the French to his own purposes. The armies of democracy became converted into the armies of the emperor and their aims became rather imperialistic than democratic. In consequence they lost the moral advantage of their earlier fighting, and aroused among their opponents a national spirit which proved in the end too strong for them. It was true that where Napoleon conquered, his government was far more liberal than the government he overthrew, but it was equally true that the German and the Spaniard did not wish to be made into Frenchmen even on such terms. The consequence was that Napoleon was finally crushed. For all his genius and all his efficiency he had lost sight of the fundamental fact that the only stable foundation for government is the consent of the governed.

Yet he did much for France. He gave her an administrative system which has survived to the present day. He gave her a code of laws which combined admirably the principle of public order with the principle of private liberty, and furnished the pattern for most of the legal systems of modern Europe. He gave her also a splendid tradition of military prowess, and proved to her what she is proving again today, that the French soldier is as fine a fighting man as there is in the world.

CONYERS READ.

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[Article spans columns 3 and 4] CANTONMENT TYPES THE MOUNTED ORDERLY

HE is not a Common Orderly. Everything about him, manner and habits, savors of Something Greater. There are Great Men, there are Greater Men, and there are Those Who Ride Horses.

The Mounted Orderly is the superlative form of the word Orderly as used in the American army. When he is afoot he might be mistaken for an ordinary person, for nothing is so lowly and inept, among objects, than a horseman unmounted. He has a look in his eye, though, knock-kneed a bandy-legged as he might be, that is above the Things of This World. He looks into a Country not Visible to the lay unequestrian eye. He sees things that are withheld from those who walk. He dreams, afoot, of being mounted. That means all of paradise and adjoining suburbs to a horseman.

And when he swings astride his mount and feels the good McClellan underneath him, what gold of the Incas could buy from him his job. No chauffeur can appreciate his feeling. The pedestrian hasn't feelings which compare.

The Mounted Orderly, too, sees Great Men Close-up. The king may be nothing to his valet and even a colonel has no terrors for the Mounted Orderly. He absorbs the importance of his contacts, until he is the embodiment of colonels and generals on horse. His red sleeve band is a badge he would change for no other. It means distinction, power to pass up the earth-crawling walkers who clutter the earth, everything worth having. Would the Mounted Orderly change his badge? Not any more readily than the far-famed leopard would change his well known spots. And he couldn't if he would.

[headline and byline span columns 3 and 4] CAMP MEADE CAN DUPLICATE ANYTHING A MODERN CITY HAS By EDWIN K. GONTRUM (Editor of the Camp Meade edition of Trench and Camp)

If anyone posing as a prophet a year ago had predicted that ''Somewhere in Maryland'' there would spring up a city from nowhere, which would rank second to the municipality bearing the name of Lord Baltimore, surpassing the long list of cities already scattered across the fair expanse of the state named in honor of Queen Mary, he might have been hunted down by the department of public safety and sentenced to internment for life on some lone island at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay.

Monument to Constructing Genius

Nevertheless, here is Camp Meade, half way between Washington and Baltimore, planned and built with the most modern housing, sanitary, communication and highway facilities and constructed along the latest and most approved engineering and mechanical lines. It stands as a tribute to the best effort of human brain and brawn in city building.

Here is laid out a municipality covering an area five miles wide and seven miles long upon a reservation with a few more miles to spare. With sewerage lines using miles of piping and masonry in construction, with concrete streets covering nearly sixty miles if placed end to end, acres of woodland and thousands of feet of timber being cut and cleared, is proof evident of the American's bustle when he gets down to business on a big job.

Railroad construction, bringing in three railroad lines, over forty miles of newly laid tracks and yards handling hundreds of cars of traffic daily, is a small thing today compared to what a gigantic task it would have been considered by the pioneers on the plains in the early days of Union Pacific construction.

And then a little country postoffice, Admiral, which only about 999 people ever heard of, suddenly being changed into a busy hive of activity by moving its location into the camp and larger quarters, necessitating the services of forty postal clerks and handling 75,- 000 pieces of first-class matter daily, besides 600 to 800 pieces of parcel post packages, money orders, special delivery letters and registered mail.

But a fire department of a half a dozen engines and numerous other pieces of apparatus? How ludicrous it might have seemed a few months ago. Yet here it is, ready and doing service.

Twenty-five Hello Girls

Is there a telephone in camp? Well, the second largest exchange in the state with real truly girly telephone operators, is right in the heart of the city. While is has but twenty-five operators on the switchboards, it handles daily the second largest number of calls, ranking next to Balti[continued in column 4]

FREE POSTAGE FOR SOLDIERS

Captain A. C. Townsend, Quartermaster's Reserve Corps, serving as mail censor for the American troops going to France is anxious that every soldier remember that as soon as he steps abroad the outgoing transport his mail need bear no stamps. All letters and cards sent by soldiers to their relatives and friends after reaching the transport or arriving ''Over There'' will be handled free of cost to the man in khaki. Captain Townsend says this is not generally understood and that ninety per cent of the mail dropped into bags at his embarkation port by soldiers bore unnecessary postage.

[continued from column 3] more. Miles and miles of wires have been run and strung through the streets of the city. And spun on poles, like a spider web of mammoth size, are the telegraph wires also keeping in close touch with the rest of the world.

And such buildings! With the finest of plumbing and sanitary arrangements, electrically lighted from a mammoth power plant, many heated by hot-water systems, with plenty of hot and cold water showers, in addition to the roomy barracks and inviting mess halls, it is beyond the conception of the average civilian to appreciate the splendid way in which the transients in this new city are housed and cared for.

Standing out shoulders high above the rest of the buildings is located on the crest of a hill about the centre of camp the observatory tower, marking the headquarters of Maj. Gen. Kuhn, commander of the Seventy-ninth Division. Topping off the tower is the staff from which Old Glory floats gracefully on the breeze.

It might be stated here than Gen. Kuhn recently returned from France where he was sent early in December by the War Department to study first hand the problems of the modern war game. During his absence Brig. Gen. W. J. Nicholson was acting division commander.

Fifteen Recreational Buildings

The religious and recreative needs of the soldiers are cared for by the Y. M. C. A. and the Knights of Columbus. Including the big auditorium, which seats 3,500, the former organization has twelve buildings in operation, with a staff of seventy men, while the latter has three buildings.

Each unit or regiment has its own hospital, and medical and dental staff. In addition a large base hospital, with an organization of over 400 including 50 Red Cross nurses, takes care of the needs of the men who are suffering from any serious illness.

Flanking the busy beehive on either side are the rows of large warehouses where the Quartermaster Corps has food, clothing and all other supplies for the population of 40,000 men.

And for the sake of cleanliness we must not overlook the laundering establishment. Here is a big building which handles over 500,000 pieces of laundry. It has 300 employes in service. It takes care of as much work as most all the laundries of the National Capital combined, or the three or four largest in Baltimore.

Yes, Camp Meade is a marked example of the efficiency and consideration of the War Deparment, particularly under such conditions and circumstances as are involved in such a great emergency as the present one.

ARMORED AUTO HAS FAILED

No more armored automobiles or machine gun motorcycles will be made for the American Army because they would be of little use on the European front, where the fighting is done over ground criss-crossed with trenches and pitted with shell hole, it is now understood.

Only the tank can operate over such a surface. Despatch bearers on motor-cycles rendered good service during the Perishing campaign in Mexico and much had been expected of the armored automobile, but neither has proved of great value in France.

TRENCH AND CAMP FIVE

[Headline and photo span columns 1-3] BRITISH TANKS A GREAT HELP TO THE TOMMIES AND GREAT BRITAIN SEEMS TO HAVE PLENTY OF THEM

[Photo of a large number of tanks] A BRITISH TANKDROME IN FRANCE

The British tank was one of the great sensations of the present war. It not only surprised the world when it appeared in action, but it surprised the Germans--and there was a good strong jolt accompanying the surprise. The very idea of a landbattleship was inspiring in itself, but the tanks did not go into action with any desire on the part of their crews to create poetry and romance. They went into action to sweep German barbed wire out of the way so that the infantry could get through quickly with bullet and bayonet and bomb and overwhelm the Huns before they could organize an effective defense. Rough country--trenches, high banks, woods, houses, pill-boxes--did not daunt the tanks in the least; they crawled right over and through them, spitting machine gun bullets by thousands, and when they got astride a [continued in column 2]

trench, the Germans could do one of two things--they could surrender or die. If the tanks were a sensation at Arras, they were a cataclysm at Cambrai when dozens of them cleared the way for the ''Tommies'' and aided in the capture or destruction of hordes of the enemy.

As will be recalled, the commander of the vast tank squadron went into action seated in plain view on top of his tank flagship, exposed to rifle, machine gun and artillery fire, and not only inspired his men but gave the whole world a laugh when he flew the signal, ''England expects every tank to do its d---dest!''

In these days when Great Britian is asking her sons in the United States to volunteer for service at once so that there may be a steady flow of much needed man power to the western front; when one branch of Congress in Washington passes a [continued in column 3]

so-called ''Slacker Bill'' which provides that an alien of allied citizenship must fight or be deported so that his own conscription laws may compel him to do his duty; when Great Britain and the United States are putting the finishing touches on an international draft convention; it may interest a great many ablebodied young men in this country who claim British citizenship but have not volunteered for service, that the British and Canadian armies have a vast number of these landbattleships, evidence of which is given in the accompanying photograph. This shows only one British tankdrome in France. How many more tanks are ready for action? The censor may know, but he won't tell. However, the Germans may find out--as they did when the monsters routed them or captured them at Cambrai!

[headline and cartoon span columns 1-3] The Band's First Lesson in Grooming [An illustration of two men, back to back, saluting; a mule chasing a man; a mule or horse with a jump of hands, feet, and face twirling just over it; a horse biting the behind of a man who is under it; a man having taken a tumble; a horse kicking; a horse sitting on a man; a man, upside-down in mid-air above a horse is trying to shoe the horse; a horse with its head bent underneath itself, looking at a man under it; a horse head facing a the head of a man; and a dog with one ear raised.] NICE HORSIE CHIEF GROOMS [with arrow pointing at the man's head] JPARMELEE 114 F.A.

AmmunItion Train Off To ''Front'' With Shells

The motor battalion of the 105th Ammunition Train had its first taste yesterday of the duties which it will have to perform on the other side [continue in column 2]

when a hurry call was received from the artillery range for 2,400 rounds of 3-inch shrapnel shells. The four motor trucks of the battalion were at once dispatched for the range with a full load of 200 rounds each.

QUESTIONED ANSWERED

If there is any soldier in Camp Sevier who wants any [continued in column 3]

questions answered. Trench and Camp will get the answer for him. Just hand your question to the nearest Y. M. C. A. Unit addressed to the Editor of Trench and Camp. And we will publish the answer in the following issue of the paper. It doesn't matter what the question relates to.

The GARING BEST PICTURES in The City House with the Big Orchestra--Organ

Gapen's [written in script going upward diagonally] Restaurant Grand Opera House ''Good Things to Eat'' also SODA FOUNTAIN IN LOBBY Cigars, Sodas and Norris Candy

Meet me at the Nokassa Barber Shop

South Main Street, half block South of Post Office, on ground floor of Nokassa Hotel.

One of the largest, most sanitary and complete Barber Shops in the country.

12 Chairs, 4 Private Shower Baths

Only first class barbers employed

OLD PRICES prevail throughout; Viz: Hair Cut 25c, Shave 15c. No extra charge for Neck Shave. Shampoo as ordered. Useful souvenir given to each customer. First class American Restaurant and dandy Billiard Parlor in adjoining room of same building.

Give us a trial and get superior service and at same time save your nickles and dimes these war times.

A SHAIN TAILOR OVER THE BANK OF COMMERCE, GREENVILLE, S. C.

Second Lieuts' Thomas Moore Ross and Charles William Strikeleather, both of the Quartermaster Corps, N. A. have recently joined the 30th Division and been assigned to the 105th Supply Train.

First Lieut. William Richard Graham and Second Lieut. Robert H. Ledlie, obth of the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps who reported for duty two days ago, have been assigned to the aviation mobilization depot.