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TRENCH AND CAMP

[A long, narrow series of illustrations runs along the length of the left side of the page. At the top, there is a cloud or perhaps an explosion in the sky. A soldier is holding two flags, in semaphore fashion. Below that, an explosion is in the sky above a bare tree. A few soldiers are shown in action, one carrying a rifle. Below that, a soldier stands, holding a rifle.]

[Section spans columns 1 and 2.]

TRENCH & CAMP

Published weekly at the National Camps and Cantonments for the soldiers of the
United States

National Headquarters:
Room 504, Pulitzer Building
New York City

JOHN STEWART BRYAN
Chairman of Advisory Board of Co-operating Publishers

Camp and Location Newspaper Publisher
Camp Beauregard, Alexandria, La. ... New Orleans Times Picayune ... D. D. Moore
Camp Bowie, Fort Worth, Texas ... Fort Worth Star Telegram ... Amon C. Carter
Camp Cody, Deming, N. Mex. ... El Paso Herald ... H. D. Slater
Camp Custer, Battle Creek, Mich. ... Battle Creek Enquirer-News ... A. L. Miller
Camp Devens, Ayer, Mass. ... Boston Globe ... Charles H. Taylor, Jr.
Camp Dix, Wrightstown, N. J. ... Trenton Times ... James Kerney
Camp Dodge, Des Moines, Iowa ... Des Moines Register .... Gardner Cowles
Camp Doniphan, Fort Sill, Okla. ... Oklahoma City Oklahoman ... E. K. Gaylord
Camp Forrest, Chickamauga, Ga. ... Chattanooga (Tenn.) Times ... H. C. Alder
Camp Fremont, Palo Alto, Cal. ... San Francisco Bulletin ... R. A. Crothers
Camp Funston, Fort Riley, Kan. ... Topeka State Journal ... Frank P. MacLennan
Camp Gordon, Atlanta, Ga. ... Atlanta Constitution ... Clark Howell
Camp Grant, Rockford, Ill. ... The Chicago Daily News ... Victor F. Lawson
Camp Greene, Charlotte, N. C. ... Charlotte Observer ... W. P. Sullivan
Camp Hancock, Augusta, Ga. ... Augusta Herald ... Bowdre Phinizy
Camp Jackson, Columbia, S. C. ... Columbia State ... W. W. Ball
Camp Johnston, Jacksonville, Fla. ... Jacksonville Times-Union ... W. A. Elliott
Camp Kearny, Linda Vista, Cal. ... Los Angeles Times ... Harry Chandler
Camp Lee, Petersburg, Va. ... Richmond News Leader ... John Stewart Bryan
Camp Lewis, American Lakes, Wash. ... Tacoma Tribune ... F. S. Baker
Camp Logan, Houston, Texas ... Houston Post ... Gough J. Palmer
Camp MacArthur, Waco, Texas ... Waco Morning News ... Charles E. Marsh
Camp McClellan, Anniston, Ala. ... Birmingham (Ala.) News ... E. P. Glass
Camp Meade, Admiral, Md. ... Wash., D. C. Evening Star ... Fleming Newbold
Camp Pike, Little Rock, Ark. ... Arkansas Democrat ... Elmer E. Clarke
Camp Sevier, Greenville, S. C. ... Greenville Daily News ... B. H. Peace
Camp Shelby, Hattiesburg, Miss. ... New Orleans Item ... James M. Thomson
Camp Sheridan, Montgomery, Ala. ... Montgomery Advertiser ... C. H. Allen
Camp Zachary Taylor, Louisville, Ky. ... Louisville Courier Journal ... Bruce Haldeman
Camp Travis, San Antionio, Texas ... }
Keliy Field and Camp Stanley ... } San Antonio Light ... Charles S. Diehl
Camp Upton, Yaphank, L. I., N. Y. ... New York World ... Don. C. Seitz
Camp Wheeler, Macon, Ga. ... Macon Telegraph ... P. T. Anderson

Published under the auspices of the National War Work Council, Y. M. C. A. of the
United States, with the co-operation of the above named publishers and papers.

Distributed free to the soldiers in the National Camps and Cantonments. Civilian
subscription rates on application

[headline spans columns 1 and 2]
GERMANY'S GAINS IN RUSSIA

In the words of Colonel Starbottle,
of Kentucky, ''Germany has whittled
Russia down to a wishbone.'' Poland,
which Germany seized and now holds,
is 43,804 square miles. Next to Po-
land, on the north, lies Lithuania and
the Baltic provinces, the scene of out-
rages that are even worse than those
in Belgium and Poland. This terri-
tory is 86,965 square miles.

That means, in terms of our states,
that Germany has done what would
be the same as if she had organized
Maine and Massahcusetts into a sep-
arate government and then seized all
of New York and two-thirds of Penn-
sylvania for herself.

This is not all, for the Ukraine, that
great granary of Southwest Russia,
inluding Volhynia, has been recog-
nized as a separate republic, which is
as if Delaware, Maryland, Virginia,
[continued in column 2]

[headline spans columns 1 and 2]
FRANCE, THE MOTHER OF EUROPEAN DEMOCRACY

One hunderd and forty years ago
French soldiers crossed the sea to
make this land of ours safe for democ-
racy. It was, thanks largely to them
that we secured our independance. We
might perhaps have turned the trick
without them, but we needed their
help sorely and they gave it in the
generous spirit which the French-
man knows how to give--asking noth-
ing and gaining nothing except the
satisfaction of striding a good blow in
a righteous cause. In the same gener-
ous spirit our American soldiers are
fighting in France. Through them at
last we have a chance to repay an old
debt of gratitude to the Frence peo-
ple. For the cause of France and the
cause of democracy are one today, as
they were in the days of Washington
and Lafayette.

Ever since then France has been one
of the foremost champions of the dem-
ocratic spirit in Europe. Lafeyette
carried back the sword which he had
used so well in America to strike down
despotism in his own land. He put
himself at the head of a French Revo-
lution, and sought to win for France
what he had helped to win for Amer-
ica. No doubt his efforts were stimu-
lated by the fact that he had learned
in America not only that despotism
could be overthrown but also that de-
mocracy could be made to work. The
programme of the French Revolution-
ists was indeed much like our own, and
their Declaration of Rights embodied
the same principles of government by
the people which were set forth in
our Declaration of Independence.

While much which the revolution-
ists in France did was bad and much
which they builded perished, the ideals
of liberty, equality and fraternity
which they proclaimed have ever since
been the political watchwords of the
French people. In these words, more-
over, they not only defined their own
position but they set up a standard to
which the growing liberal spirit in Eu-
rope at large could rally. France led
continental Europe in the march to-
wards democracy. The other coun-
tries more or less readily followed.

France had no sooner established her
own democracy than she had to face
the combined armies of Prussia and
Austria. The despots who ruled those
lands rightly feared that unless free-
dom were stamped out by France it
[continued in column 2]

ROOKIES' MISTAKE

Newly drafted men arriving at
some of the camps mistook the brig-
adier generals' flags on the front of
automobiles for service flags.

[continued from column 1]
West Virginia and half of Kentucky
had been set up as a separate govern-
ment here in the United States.

But this does not take into account
Bessarabian Russia, with its 92,069
square miles. This slice of fertile ter-
ritory is equal to the other half of Ken-
tucky, half of Tennessee, and all of
North Carolina.

The Turks, too, have not been idle.

Their little pickings of 16,932 square
miles seem insignificant beside these
great depredations. But the govern-
ment of Kars and the dstricts of Kara-
bagh and Batum which the Turks took
mean more loss to Russia than we
would suffer if Mexico controlled the
mountain passes and the Rio Grande
crossings on the Mexican border.

In the face of such colossal losses,
there is only one thing for the Allies
to do, and that is to beat Germany and
destroy Prussianism!

[continued from column 1]
would presently arouse their own
downtrodden subjects. But their en-
slaved soldiery was no match for the
free soldiers of France. The armies
of the Revolution, fighting over the
same fields where France fights today,
drove back the Germans, delivered
France and presently carried their
standards deep into the country of the
enemy. To the oppressed peoples of
Austria and Prussia they came not as
foes but as deliverers. For their vic-
tories meant the overthrow of the old
cruel autocracies and the establish-
ment of a new political order based
upon the sovereignty of the people.

Unfortunately the uniform success
of the French armies led them by de-
grees to forget the principles for which
they fought, and to attach undue im-
portance to military glory and con-
quest for its own sake. It was that
fact principally which enabled that
greatest of military adventurers, Na-
poleon Bonaparte, to turn the valor of
the French to his own purposes. The
armies of democracy became convert-
ed into the armies of the emperor and
their aims became rather imperialistic
than democratic. In consequence they
lost the moral advantage of their ear-
lier fighting, and aroused among their
opponents a national spirit which prov-
ed in the end too strong for them. It
was true that where Napoleon con-
quered, his government was far more
liberal than the government he over-
threw, but it was equally true that the
German and the Spaniard did not wish
to be made into Frenchmen even on
such terms. The consequence was
that Napoleon was finally crushed. For
all his genius and all his efficiency he
had lost sight of the fundamental fact
that the only stable foundation for gov-
ernment is the consent of the gov-
erned.

Yet he did much for France. He
gave her an administrative system
which has survived to the present day.
He gave her a code of laws which com-
bined admirably the principle of pub-
lic order with the principle of private
liberty, and furnished the pattern for
most of the legal systems of modern
Europe. He gave her also a splendid
tradition of military prowess, and
proved to her what she is proving
again today, that the French soldier is
as fine a fighting man as there is in
the world.

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[Article spans columns 3 and 4]
CANTONMENT TYPES
THE MOUNTED ORDERLY

HE is not a Common Orderly. Everything about him, manner and habits,
savors of Something Greater. There are Great Men, there are Greater
Men, and there are Those Who Ride Horses.

The Mounted Orderly is the superlative form of the word Orderly as
used in the American army. When he is afoot he might be mistaken for
an ordinary person, for nothing is so lowly and inept, among objects, than
a horseman unmounted. He has a look in his eye, though, knock-kneed
a bandy-legged as he might be, that is above the Things of This World.
He looks into a Country not Visible to the lay unequestrian eye. He sees
things that are withheld from those who walk. He dreams, afoot, of being
mounted. That means all of paradise and adjoining suburbs to a horseman.

And when he swings astride his mount and feels the good McClellan
underneath him, what gold of the Incas could buy from him his job. No
chauffeur can appreciate his feeling. The pedestrian hasn't feelings which
compare.

The Mounted Orderly, too, sees Great Men Close-up. The king may be
nothing to his valet and even a colonel has no terrors for the Mounted
Orderly. He absorbs the importance of his contacts, until he is the em-
bodiment of colonels and generals on horse. His red sleeve band is a
badge he would change for no other. It means distinction, power to pass
up the earth-crawling walkers who clutter the earth, everything worth
having. Would the Mounted Orderly change his badge? Not any more
readily than the far-famed leopard would change his well known spots.
And he couldn't if he would.

[headline and byline span columns 3 and 4]
CAMP MEADE CAN DUPLICATE
ANYTHING A MODERN CITY HAS
By EDWIN K. GONTRUM
(Editor of the Camp Meade edition of Trench and Camp)

If anyone posing as a prophet a
year ago had predicted that ''Some-
where in Maryland'' there would
spring up a city from nowhere, which
would rank second to the municipal-
ity bearing the name of Lord Balti-
more, surpassing the long list of cities
already scattered across the fair ex-
panse of the state named in honor of
Queen Mary, he might have been
hunted down by the department of
public safety and sentenced to intern-
ment for life on some lone island at
the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay.

Monument to Constructing Genius

Nevertheless, here is Camp Meade,
half way between Washington and
Baltimore, planned and built with the
most modern housing, sanitary, com-
munication and highway facilities and
constructed along the latest and most
approved engineering and mechan-
ical lines. It stands as a tribute to
the best effort of human brain and
brawn in city building.

Here is laid out a municipality cov-
ering an area five miles wide and sev-
en miles long upon a reservation with
a few more miles to spare. With
sewerage lines using miles of piping
and masonry in construction, with
concrete streets covering nearly sixty
miles if placed end to end, acres of
woodland and thousands of feet of
timber being cut and cleared, is proof
evident of the American's bustle
when he gets down to business on a
big job.

Railroad construction, bringing in
three railroad lines, over forty miles
of newly laid tracks and yards hand-
ling hundreds of cars of traffic daily,
is a small thing today compared to
what a gigantic task it would have
been considered by the pioneers on
the plains in the early days of Union
Pacific construction.

And then a little country postoffice,
Admiral, which only about 999 people
ever heard of, suddenly being changed
into a busy hive of activity by moving
its location into the camp and larger
quarters, necessitating the services of
forty postal clerks and handling 75,-
000 pieces of first-class matter daily,
besides 600 to 800 pieces of parcel
post packages, money orders, special
delivery letters and registered mail.

But a fire department of a half a
dozen engines and numerous other
pieces of apparatus? How ludicrous
it might have seemed a few months
ago. Yet here it is, ready and doing
service.

Twenty-five Hello Girls

Is there a telephone in camp? Well,
the second largest exchange in the
state with real truly girly telephone
operators, is right in the heart of the
city. While is has but twenty-five
operators on the switchboards, it
handles daily the second largest num-
ber of calls, ranking next to Balti-
[continued in column 4]

FREE POSTAGE FOR SOLDIERS

Captain A. C. Townsend, Quarter-
master's Reserve Corps, serving as
mail censor for the American troops
going to France is anxious that every
soldier remember that as soon as he
steps abroad the outgoing transport
his mail need bear no stamps. All let-
ters and cards sent by soldiers to
their relatives and friends after
reaching the transport or arriving
''Over There'' will be handled free of
cost to the man in khaki. Captain
Townsend says this is not generally
understood and that ninety per cent
of the mail dropped into bags at his
embarkation port by soldiers bore un-
necessary postage.

[continued from column 3]
more. Miles and miles of wires have
been run and strung through the
streets of the city. And spun on
poles, like a spider web of mammoth
size, are the telegraph wires also
keeping in close touch with the rest
of the world.

And such buildings! With the fin-
est of plumbing and sanitary arrange-
ments, electrically lighted from a
mammoth power plant, many heated
by hot-water systems, with plenty of
hot and cold water showers, in addi-
tion to the roomy barracks and invit-
ing mess halls, it is beyond the con-
ception of the average civilian to ap-
preciate the splendid way in which
the transients in this new city are
housed and cared for.

Standing out shoulders high above
the rest of the buildings is located on
the crest of a hill about the centre of
camp the observatory tower, marking
the headquarters of Maj. Gen. Kuhn,
commander of the Seventy-ninth Di-
vision. Topping off the tower is the
staff from which Old Glory floats
gracefully on the breeze.

It might be stated here than Gen.
Kuhn recently returned from France
where he was sent early in December
by the War Department to study first
hand the problems of the modern
war game. During his absence Brig.
Gen. W. J. Nicholson was acting di-
vision commander.

Fifteen Recreational Buildings

The religious and recreative needs
of the soldiers are cared for by the
Y. M. C. A. and the Knights of Co-
lumbus. Including the big auditor-
ium, which seats 3,500, the former
organization has twelve buildings in
operation, with a staff of seventy
men, while the latter has three build-
ings.

Each unit or regiment has its own
hospital, and medical and dental staff.
In addition a large base hospital, with
an organization of over 400 including
50 Red Cross nurses, takes care of the
needs of the men who are suffering
from any serious illness.

Flanking the busy beehive on either
side are the rows of large warehouses
where the Quartermaster Corps has
food, clothing and all other supplies
for the population of 40,000 men.

And for the sake of cleanliness we
must not overlook the laundering es-
tablishment. Here is a big building
which handles over 500,000 pieces of
laundry. It has 300 employes in
service. It takes care of as much
work as most all the laundries of the
National Capital combined, or the
three or four largest in Baltimore.

Yes, Camp Meade is a marked ex-
ample of the efficiency and considera-
tion of the War Deparment, particu-
larly under such conditions and cir-
cumstances as are involved in such a
great emergency as the present one.

ARMORED AUTO HAS FAILED

No more armored automobiles or
machine gun motorcycles will be made
for the American Army because they
would be of little use on the Euro-
pean front, where the fighting is done
over ground criss-crossed with trench-
es and pitted with shell hole, it is
now understood.

Only the tank can operate over
such a surface. Despatch bearers on
motor-cycles rendered good service
during the Perishing campaign in
Mexico and much had been expected
of the armored automobile, but neith-
er has proved of great value in
France.