Box 14, Folder 4: Climate

than they can be afforded at the cities and towns along the western shore of Lake Michigan.

The largest portion of the population of Wisconsin is in the counties south of the Neenah (or Fox) and Wisconsin rivers. North of those streams are the lands but recently purchased of the Menomonee Indians, which are now being rapidly taken up by actual occupants with their families, so that the centre of population is gradually moving farther towards the north.

N. of Neend [Neenah] + Wis

Adams

Chippewa - 1066

Crawfond [Crawford] 1409 The census of 1847 shows that

Portage 1504 thound thound

Richlad [Richland] 235 not over 9000 out of 212000

sauk 2178

St Croix 1674 resided north of those streams 158

203

Parts of Brow [Brown] &c E of Madison on Lake Shore

0.500 42,709 Rac 19.539

La pointe [&c?] 367 Brown 500 Manitiwoc [Manitowoc] 1.2.85 Mil 22791

8.933 Calurt 1066

1/2 Colunb 1895 Marquette 2.261 Wash 15.547

1/2 Dane 5.467 Milw 22.791 Sheb 5.580

Dodge 14.906 Rac 19.539 Brow 2914

TduL 7.409 Rock 14.729 66.370

Jef 11.464 Sheb .5580

Walw 15.039

Wash. Wauk Wiv 34,100

158.000

167

Population

N of Wisconsn [Wisconsin] + Neenah 9.000 = 14.000

Lake [Courty?] 66000

S. of do + E of Madison {[Inlenn?] 92.000} 158.000 242 000

s of do + W of Madison 45 000 69.000

4

see 4th page [aherd?]

The chief most important interest of this state is, and must continue to be agriculture ; the mining, and lumbering interests being in comparison * but small.* It is clear also that while the agricultural interest will be constantly on the increase, the other interests mentioned must gradually decline, as the source of supply become gradually are annually exhausted. It is true that much time will pass before our noble forests and rich mines will cease to yield their accustomed supply, but the general fact ^above stated is nevertheless true. Wisconsin then should cherish and encourage by every means this cardinal interest. Every effort should be made by the true friends of Wisconsin to introduce those improved modes of culture and ^farm management, of which are now working such wonders in other countries. Let us not fall into the fatal

Error of exhausting our virgin soil, and then emigrating still farther to the west, but by a wise and judicious application of modern improvemets [improvements] keep up the productive qualities of the soil to its pristine state. This can easily be done, and in the long run is decidedly the most economical system of agriculture.

With this view much is required to be done in Wisconsin. A thorough geological and agricultural survey should be made, as soon as the financial condition of the state will justify the expenditure. The soils should be analyzed, so that agriculturalists may know what ingredients are wanting or what may be in excess, so as to apply an appropriate remedy for ary [any] defects. There is said to be some districts where winter wheat is an uncertain

crop, and where, consequently an inferior kind only is cultivated. This must, undoubtedly, be owing to some defect in the soil, which may be easily remedied when discovered. What greater advantage could the appropriation of a few dollars from the public treasury accomplish than to ascertain and point out the remedy for this defect. To enable the farmer to raise Winter wheat which commands a price fifty percent above spring wheat in the market, in places where it could not before be cultivated must certainly be a very great advantage.

There is this further consideration in regard to improvements in agriculture, that by its growth that of every other kind of business is encouraged: for the farmer who produces double crops will have so much more of