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Geology of [Milwaukee County.] Wisconsin 1. [1844-48]
L. Pettibone's Quarry-S.W. 1/4 30-7-22
The limestone here presents itself in 3 points near the base of the Menominee river bluffs from which stone is quarried to fill the [piers?] of the harbor & other coarse work, and for the manufacture of lime which is of excellent quality & very white when plastered on a wall. One of the cliffs is about 30 ft high above the river which is here on a level with the Lake (Michigan). This limestone is very irregularly & confusedly stratified-full of small irregular cavities, occasioned by decay, fossels, and of mineral substance with which they were probably filled-or perhaps by shrinkage of particles during consolidation, or at the time of some disturbance of the strata by heat. The irregular layers appear to have a very great dip towards the N.E. appearing as if some uplift had acted [upon] from below acting on the S.W. side. These cavities are sometimes [occasioned/opened?] by the decay of shells, and other [illegible] remains leaving a cavity with their form.
Between the cavities the stone is very hard sometimes even giving fire while [getting?] out specimens with the chisel. It has a tendency to break into irregular angular fragments about 4 inches diameter which lie in great quantities at the base of the cliff where the workmen have been engaged quarrying stone . Appears quite like Vermicular Limerock of Eaton. On the north east slope of the principal cliff the surface of the rock has been smoothed and grooved by dilurial action. Course
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[2]
of grooves avout N.E. & S.W. Were it not for the [cavities?] in this rock it would make an excellent marble- would receive a fine polish. cavities lined with minute crystals of calcareous spur are occasionally found. In one instance I found supplement of zinc.
The specimens collected here are No. 1 Favorite (large open) exactly like that found at Louisville Ky in the limestone between the shale and the water line. It there had petrolium in it of a yellow color so as to resemble "honey in the honeycomb") Common-Favorite striata of say-since Jour. 1 p 384 (F. alveola? H.)
2 Favorite (with small cells)
3 Favorite (radiated, patterns thick)- see No 89
4- Favorite? (cells not columner)-a mass of irregular cells-
5- Catenibora-chain coral- C. eschanoides, Lamarck
6- Calamapora ?
8 "
9 "
10 "
11 Cyathophyllum (cavities?) dianthus
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[list of stones] (see no 78 for continuation) According to Mr. James Hall, Geologist of the Western District of N. York, the upper beds of the Niagara limestone are characterized by containing the catenipora escharoides, and often a retepora and the catenipora in the characteristic fossil of the upper part of the Niagara limestone in Western New York, and as far as I know is confined to this rock. The general character of this rock therefore and its fossils show it to be the Niagara liestone of the N.Y. geologists - the cliff limestone of Dr. John Locke, and the Geodiferous limerock of Eaon. Thiss last name should be adopted as having precedence and as free from objections as either of the other names. The lower portions o this same rock contains the lead & copper mines on the Miss.
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S.M. Brown's Quarris - SW 1/4 22-7-21 The limestone here is the same as at Pettibone's three miles below. It forms the north bank of the Menomonee, and rises to about the same height above the surface, so that its inclination is the same as the descent in the river which is ascertained to be about fifty feet - hence the dip is about 17 feet per mile course s. 70 degrees east. the stone is only used for manufacture of lime, being of no use as a building material. The lime produced from it is good. The fossils here are less distinct - indeed it is almost impossible to find a specimen showing sufficient character to distinguish the kinds. A little above this quarry an opening has been made where the rock is of softer texter, the cells or [illegible] are smaller and more uniform, and the color of the rock approaches a dirty yellow. It belongs to the same stratum
[list of stones]
