Microfilm Reel 229, File 152, "African Americans"

12 PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA. MONDAY MORNING. APRIL 2

[column 1] ESTABLISHED 1836. PUBLIC [image: logo] LEDGER GEORGE W. CHILDS Editor and Proprietor from 1864 to 1894. _____________________ Published every morning at PUBLIC LEDGER Bldg. By PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY: CYRUS H. K. CURTIS, President John Gribbel, Vice President; George W Ochs, Secretary and Treasurer; Chas H. Ludington, Phillip S. Collins, Directors _______________________ George W. Ochs, Editor and Publisher; Alan Cunningham, Associate Editor: G. Warfield Hobbs, Managing Editor; Milton B. Ochs, Business Manager _______________________ OFFICES: Main Office —Independence Square. CENTRL—Postal Telegraph, 1326 Chestnut St. UPTOWN—Fenner's, Broad & Columbia Ave. HARRISBURG BUREAU—The Patriot Building. WASHINGTON BUREAU—The Post Building. NEW YORK BUREAU—The Times Building. BERLIN—60 Friedrichstrasse. LONDON—2 Pall Mall East, S.W. PARIS—32 Rue Louis le Grand. ________________________________ PRICE: Daily . . . . . One Cent —│ Sunday . . . . Five Cents BY MAIL outside Philadelphia Daily, one month, 25c. One Year $3.00. Daily and Sunday, one mo., 50c. One year $5.30 _______________________________ Telephones: Bell, 3000 Walnut. Keystone, Main 3000 _________________________________ ENTERED AT THE PHILADELPHIA POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER. _________________________________ PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1913. _________________________________ SENATOR PENROSE REPREHENDETH YE "STEAM ROLLER." Senator Penrose in the interesting interview printed in yesterday's PUBLIC LEDGER makes a spirited attack upon the Democractic method of framing a tariff bill in a close caucus and the refusal to grant anything like adequate hearings upon doubtful sections in most important schedules. Mr. Penrose denounces the Democrats for their aggresive, downright, tyrannous practice; declares that when the bill comes before the Senate he proposes to have a thorough debate, and asserts that the "steam roller" which the oposition is now using so ruthlessly is a rough and brutal tool, unscientific and anachronistic.

It is to be hoped that Mr. Penrose will insist upon a discussion; the House will also undoubtedly debate the bill; it is too true that the accepted methods of framing tariff bills, whether they be named McKinley orDingley, or Paynealdrich or Underwood, are not defensible. There is scarcely any doubt that the method employed by Mr. Emery, of Mr. Taft's tariff board, is infinitely safer and more businesslike than the plan that has been followed since tariff bills have been made in this country.

Get the facts; collate and digest them; study the industries here and abroad; find the cost of production; compare efficiency, contrast the wages and other factors and then attempt in a deliberative fashion to reach a definite conclusion based on truth and the facts.

That is the scientific method not only proposed but actually carried out by the Taft tariff board, and if the Democrats remain in power they, too, must in future adopt such plan. If at this time a steam roller is rumbling down the highways of trade and commerce who must take the responsibility? Mr Penrose cannot escape his share of it: the Republican party must accept its share; the old "standpat" dyed-in-the-wool regulars long in control of Mr. Penrose's party must bear the onus. Paye and Aldrich, Cannon and Penrose, Mann and Dalzell—they and men like them, the dominant figures in the Republican party— brought about the present tariff revision, and it is due to them also that steam rollers and not tariff boards are shaping tariff bills.

If Mr. Penrose had talked in this resonable and statesmanlike way when the Payne-Aldrich tariff bill was being forced through he would have been rendering a real service to his party and to his country. Steam rollers? All tariff bills are jammed through by steam-roller methods and when the Payne-Aldrich bill us under discussion the lumbering machine rolled over not only the Democrats but even the Republican [?]

[column 2] a scientific plan for the nonpartisan handling of tariff bills. In the present exigency they must accept a Democratic bill framed just about like all other tariff bills; and if, as Mr. Penrose says, there is apprehension, that is bebecause in this serious endeavor the path is "so slippery that the fear's as bad as falling." ____________________________ THE MORGAN WILL. There is found in the will of J. P. Morgan no bounteous provision for great charitable enterprises. He left his name by philanthropic disposition of funds which, in the fulfilment of human destiny, were to be no longer of use to him. There is in the document no quibble with his conscience, no evidence of intent to buy by legacy his way into the Kingdom of Heaven.

He had given largely while he lived where giving did the most good and he left a perpetual heritage to his country in the form of an accumlation of art treasures which more than rivals the trophies of Napoleon's victories; for, though in the disposition of it, as in the disposition of all else, he emphasized his confidence in his executors and heirs by refusing to bind them with conditions, his wish will be sufficient to render the several collections "permanently available for the instruction and pleasure of the American people." They are thus his legatees to the extent of more than half his fortune.

There is a wonderful humanness in the document. He remembers all of his servants, some close friends to whom an increased income will be a real benefit, all of his business employes, and provides that those whom he has accustomed to aid regularly shall continue to receive assistance from his estate. And he has brought the world up short in its mad worship of materialism, for he who seemed to the unthinking public to be the very embodiment of that ideal, in the first sentence of his last testament lease unto his heirs and through them to the world, his richest legacy his own belief in the insufficiency of man and the all-sufficiency of God. It is an extraordinary and striking utterance. It is a trumpet call and a challenge to Christianity. "I commit my soul into the hands of my Savior." ___________________________ A FAR-REACHING MOVEMENT.

The PUBLIC LEDGER most earnestly invites the attention of its readers to the appeal which the joint organization for Equalizing Industrial Opportunities and the League of Civic and Political Reform is making another part of this issue for funds to conduct the revolutionary movement which it is undertaking in behalf of the negro race. Those back of this movement have spent years and years, at great personal sacrifice, in evolving the principles upon which it seeks to operate. No appeals for funds were ever made till they were in a position to put these theories into immediate and practical operation. There is none of the radical, bizarre or spectacular in this effort. Those back of it are noted for their staid conservatism and sober commonsense.

The generosity of the public has of late been taxed to the utmost for charities of various kinds, and because of the dire calamities which have befallen the country. But the needs of this organization are excedingly modest. So simple are its plans that $5000 will cover its present demands, and probably place it in a position to make this its last as well as its first public appeal for funds.

The conditions which inspire this movement represent a rising flood of antipathy and antagonism between the races which if not checked will eventually create a lamentable and dangerous situation which will prove a

[column 3] permanent solution of the difficulty be obtained.

The fault lies in what may be called a "joker" in the Constitution. It has been decided that a treaty is the supreme law of the land. Yet treaties are made without the consent of tthe popular house at Washington. It is within the poer of the President and the Senate to make pacts that will entirely viliate the whole revenue system, impair or destroy the reserved rights of several States and render ineffective legislation which Congress as a whole may have made.

It is rumored that this phase of the situation has appealed forcibly to the President and the Secretary of State and that such treaties as are hereafter offered to the Senate for ratification will contain a clause to the effect that no provision of it shall be construed to as as an annulment of the general law of the Union or to vitiate the rights which the several States, under the Constitution, have reserved to themselves. Be that as it may, a new treaty with Japan is imperative or renewed efforts for exculsion in California will precipitate other and more dangerous crimes. What is wanted now is breathing space and it will not discredit this great nation or Californiat to act with extreme patience in an effort to calm Oriental hysteria. The administration simply needs time in which to settle decisively, through diplomacy, the status of the Japanese in the United States. ________________________________ THE KRUPP SCANDAL IN GERMANY.

The charges brought by the Socialist Deputy Liebknecht, in the Reichstag, that the great Krupp works at Essen have been maintaining secret and irregular communications with the German War Department have lost none of their effectiveness by the admission of the Krupps that they maintained "friendly relations" with the Government for the purpose of "obtaining business information," and even "exerted pressure" on certain subordinates. It has generally been supposed in this country that the Krupp estalishment was a quasi-governmental institution, in the full confidence of the established authorities and in a position to obtain what information is desired. The contrary is true, however, and Germany is gasping at a revelation of corruption of the type which is popularly supposed in Europe to exist only in the United States.

Just how far the revelations will chill the enthusiasm of the ardent patriots who have been shouting for the new war levies is conjectural, but as the Krupp establishment would profit tremendously by the proposed expenditures it may be that national resentment will express itself in decisive demonstrations in opposition to the whole programme of the Government. Impartiality and frankness in the investigation under way may soothe public opinion, but any disposition to substitute scapegoats for the real offeners is likely to provoke a political crisis. ___________________________________ A significant tendency in the various States is the larger use of direct taxation. For instance, Ohio will get its $700,000 a year to pay the pensions for mothers by a tax of one-tenth of a mill. Good roads have doubled the direct taxes of several States. In other States there are efforts to get a direct tax for agriculture, as much as a mill. The direct tax makes itself known rather more bluntly than the other kinds of taxation and it has educational value. _________________________________ Unnecessary Judges, dual officeholders, legislative sinecures and the whole list of extravagance and worse make the selfrespecting Pennsylvanian turn his eyes away from Harrisburg and wonder when this State will ever be redeemed from the spoilers. _________________________________ Boston's Chamber of Commerce is sending fifty business men to investigate the trade opportunities of [?]

[column 4] TOPICS OF THE TOWN

Philadelphia's filtration plant has cost pehaps $30,000,000. It looks like a big sum of money, but this town never before made a better monetary investment. Pure water has reduced the death rate at least by three in every one thousand inhabitants. It has resulted in preventing double that numver of cases of sickness.

There are now in Philadelphia 1,750,000 people. A saving of three lives in every one thousand of population each year means more than 5000 lives. Double that many cases of sickness or 10,000 in addition to the deaths have been prevented.

It is difficult to estimate just how much in money 5000 deaths and 10,000 additional cases of sickness amount to. The average for each death, I am informed by veteran physicians, sould exceed $200 and for each other case of sick-- ness $100. Thus a former money loss of $2,000,000 is saved, which is more than 6 per cent, on the total cost of the filtration plant.

But who can begin to estimate the saving in suffering and money? And yet when the filtration works were put in there was a great outcry about the expense. Just now we hear a similar denunciation of the cost of the Broad street subway. But that too, will prove a cheap investment. When you multiply the time saved each day by one person going up or down town, by the scores of thousands whose minutes will be saved, it will far outmatch the interest on $43,000,000 of original cost.

Was it ever your misfortune to have to visit a physician? If so, I'm sure you must have been impressed by the great number of other persons who were similarly afflicted. Did you ever go into a popular doctor's waiting room and not find someone waiting ahead of you and more coming after you? You never did. I feel confident in saying that. There is a constant procession in and out.

Now it happens that there are a couple of thousand physicians in this city, all more or less popular, at least, until it comes to to pay your bill. In each one of these offices people throng. So it must happen every morning say at 10 o'clock that there are from five to ten thousand persons in doctor's waiting rooms at one time. It would seem as if half the town were being invalided.

It is no reflection upon the medical profession when I say that, measured alone by the number of visitors, the town never appears to recover. The throng continues as big as ever.

In one doctor's outer office there are 15 chairs, so he himself tells me, for I have not seen them, and often a waiting patient sits upon each of them.

I wonder if the crowds would grow less if the Chinese method were introduced. There the physicians are paid to keep people well and not to cure them after they become ill.

A COUNTRYMAN came to the city and was struck with the fact that many persons seemed to prefer to buy highpriced things just because they were high priced. This set him to thinking. He knew something about making candy.

Why not, inquired him of himself, make a good quality of candy and then ask from 25 to 50 cents more for it than any other candy in the market? If folks damand simply a high price, why not give it to them?

Acting on that idea he produced a candy of about the same quality that other confectioners sold, but made the price so much higher that many persons imaged it must be of a far superior brand. That idea of advertising a commodity by merely charging an exorbitant price for it made him successful and rich. People were humbugged by the price tag.

THE AMERICAN flight to Europe has started again in earnest. Each spring witnesses an exodus of people with fat letters of credit. Each late summer and autumn sees them homne again with a lean letter, but a new sensation or two. country's capital, because foreign travelers carry abroad as much as 100,000,000 every year. It is a big drain on the country's capital, because foreign trav-

[column 5] AN APPEAL FOR FUNDS IN BEHALF OF THE NEGRO RACE. At Least $5000 is needed Immediately to Begin Campaign to Curb Vicous Elements.

There are, perhaps, few persons whose feelings toward the negro race have not been adversely affected becasue of the venal, vicious, rowdy and ruffianly elements among them. No one will seriously deny that it is largely because of this relatively small but conspicuous element that the race is being more and more subjected to every form of discrimination and proscription. This being a fact, it logically follows that these hardships can be assauged only in proportion as the factors producing them are overcome.

The joint organization of the Association of Equalizing Industrial Opportunities and the League of Civic and Political Reform, representing the crystallized thought and labor of a lifetime, has the dual purpose of constraining the refractory elements among negroes to conform to the laws of decency and order and of broadening the opportunities of that race to work for an honest living. This organization is founded on the proposition that the only possible means of righteously adjusting relations between the races lies in upright negroes combining especially through their churches, to curb such disturbing elements as are mentioned above, and in upright white people agreeing, especially through their churches, to apply such rules of social and economic justice in their dealings with negroes as measurably accord with the accepted ideas of Christian civilization.

Applying these principles, the League of Civic and Political Reform will co-operate with municipal authorities in eradicating from among negroes all questionable reports, habitual corner lounging, rowdyism and public indecency. It also will urge that all negroes who are habitual idlers from choice be either forced to earn an honest living or subjected to prosecution as common vagrants. The Association for Equalizing Industrial Opportunities will take up jointly with the owners and employees of specified industrial concerns the question of merited recognition of colored labor.

For the purpose of opening and maintaining headquarters, extending the cause, disseminating literature and maintaining copentent workers, this organization is in pressing need of at least $5000. The undersigned persons, who are thoroughly conversant with the plans and scope of this movement, believe that for alleviating the every-day problems of the negro, improving public relations between the races and advancing the cause of good government it represents a work of boundless value which the vital interests of society must sustain in sheer self defense.

All contributions should be sent in the PUBLIC LEDGER, which will deposit the final amount in trust for this organization, to be withdrawn only through the joint written instructions of Dr. A. J. Rowland, secretary of the American Baptist Publication Society, 1701 Chestnut street; Henry W. Wilbur, secretary of the Annual Conference of Friends, 139 North Fifteenth street, and Dr. John W. Lee, pastor of the first African Presbyterian Church, 741 South Seventeenth street, who by special request of the promoters of this cause will supervise the expenditure of every cent.

FRANK P. PARKIN, superintendent Central District, Philadelphia Conference Methodist Episcopal Church.

Dr. A. J. ROWLAND, secretary American Baptist Publication Society.

HENRY W. WILBUR, secretary Annual Conference of Friends.

JOHN WATHORN, pastor Central Methodist Episcopal Church.

C. A. TINDLEY, past Calvary Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN W. LEE, pastor First African Presbyterian Chuch.

P. A. WALLACE, pastor Zion Wesley African Methodist Episcopal Church. _________________________________________ SUNDAY "COMICS" Comment Upon Their Discontinuance in the "Public Ledger."

To the Editor of the Public Ledger:

Sir—The letters to the PUBLIC LEDGER so consistently approving the discontinuance of the Sunday comics remind me of when I was a kid and, with other kids, played pots and commons on a lot owned by a man said to have been 65 years old. Well, here's how old he was to us—we peppered his knuckles as hard as we did ours. Now, opposite lived some people who objected to us for our noise, but being on private property with permission they were helpless to remove us. Yet, secretly, they purchased that lot and a church was built upon it.

I meet these boys, now men, and chatting over those days, we never can decide whether those people bought that lot to get rid of us or of that gray-haired "kid."

BEN COLL. Philadelphia, April 16, 1913

To the Editor of the Public Ledger: Sir—When first we missed getting what the little folks call the "funny part" of the Public Ledger we supposed it mislaid in some way, but since we have learned it is discontinued we are satisfied that it is for the best

[column 1]

Bell, 3000 Walnut. Keystone, Main 3000 _________________________________ ENTERED AT THE PHILADELPHIA POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER. _________________________________ PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1913. _________________________________ SENATOR PENROSE REPREHENDETH YE "STEAM ROLLER." Senator Penrose in the interesting interview printed in yesterday's PUBLIC LEDGER makes a spirited attack upon the Democractic method of framing a tariff bill in a close caucus and the refusal to grant anything like adequate hearings upon doubtful sections in most important schedules. Mr. Penrose denounces the Democrats for their aggresive, downright, tyrannous practice; declares that when the bill comes before the Senate he proposes to have a thorough debate, and asserts that the "steam roller" which the oposition is now using so ruthlessly is a rough and brutal tool, unscientific and anachronistic.

It is to be hoped that Mr. Penrose will insist upon a discussion; the House will also undoubtedly debate the bill; it is too true that the accepted methods of framing tariff bills, whether they be named McKinley orDingley, or Paynealdrich or Underwood, are not defensible. There is scarcely any doubt that the method employed by Mr. Emery, of Mr. Taft's tariff board, is infinitely safer and more businesslike than the plan that has been followed since tariff bills have been made in this country.

Get the facts; collate and digest them; study the industries here and abroad; find the cost of production; compare efficiency, contrast the wages and other factors and then attempt in a deliberative fashion to reach a definite conclusion based on truth and the facts.

That is the scientific method not only proposed but actually carried out by the Taft tariff board, and if the Democrats remain in power they, too, must in future adopt such plan. If at this time a steam roller is rumbling down the highways of trade and commerce who must take the responsibility? Mr Penrose cannot escape his share of it: the Republican party must accept its share; the old "standpat" dyed-in-the-wool regulars long in control of Mr. Penrose's party must bear the onus. Paye and Aldrich, Cannon and Penrose, Mann and Dalzell—they and men like them, the dominant figures in the Republican party— brought about the present tariff revision, and it is due to them also that steam rollers and not tariff boards are shaping tariff bills.

If Mr. Penrose had talked in this resonable and statesmanlike way when the Payne-Aldrich tariff bill was being forced through he would have been rendering a real service to his party and to his country. Steam rollers? All tariff bills are jammed through by steam-roller methods and when the Payne-Aldrich bill us under discussion the lumbering machine rolled over not only the Democrats but even the Republican Progressives, Tariff legislation in America is a synonym for ruthless methods and apparently the only way to remedy the abuse and to awaken the public conscience to the enormity of playing hide-and-seek with the steam roller in the hands of the opposition for one and let the other party see how it works.

The McKinley bill was the product of a steam roller and something much more dangerous—it was the outcome of a deal by which the Republican managers got their tariff while the silverites got the Sherman silver purchase act which later on dangerously depleted the treasury reserves, nearly threw the country upon the silver basis and finaly wrecked the Democratic party through Cleveland's heroic measures for rescuing the nation's honor and credit. The crucial battle in that great contest was fought in 1896 against the Byranized Democracy. Republicans and sound money Democrats

[column 2] he left a perpetual heritage to his country in the form of an accumlation of art treasures which more than rivals the trophies of Napoleon's victories; for, though in the disposition of it, as in the disposition of all else, he emphasized his confidence in his executors and heirs by refusing to bind them with conditions, his wish will be sufficient to render the several collections "permanently available for the instruction and pleasure of the American people." They are thus his legatees to the extent of more than half his fortune.

There is a wonderful humanness in the document. He remembers all of his servants, some close friends to whom an increased income will be a real benefit, all of his business employes, and provides that those whom he has accustomed to aid regularly shall continue to receive assistance from his estate. And he has brought the world up short in its mad worship of materialism, for he who seemed to the unthinking public to be the very embodiment of that ideal, in the first sentence of his last testament lease unto his heirs and through them to the world, his richest legacy his own belief in the insufficiency of man and the all-sufficiency of God. It is an extraordinary and striking utterance. It is a trumpet call and a challenge to Christianity. "I commit my soul into the hands of my Savior." ___________________________ A FAR-REACHING MOVEMENT.

The PUBLIC LEDGER most earnestly invites the attention of its readers to the appeal which the joint organization for Equalizing Industrial Opportunities and the League of Civic and Political Reform is making another part of this issue for funds to conduct the revolutionary movement which it is undertaking in behalf of the negro race. Those back of this movement have spent years and years, at great personal sacrifice, in evolving the principles upon which it seeks to operate. No appeals for funds were ever made till they were in a position to put these theories into immediate and practical operation. There is none of the radical, bizarre or spectacular in this effort. Those back of it are noted for their staid conservatism and sober commonsense.

The generosity of the public has of late been taxed to the utmost for charities of various kinds, and because of the dire calamities which have befallen the country. But the needs of this organization are excedingly modest. So simple are its plans that $5000 will cover its present demands, and probably place it in a position to make this its last as well as its first public appeal for funds.

The conditions which inspire this movement represent a rising flood of antipathy and antagonism between the races which if not checked will eventually create a lamentable and dangerous situation which will prove a reproach to American humanity and intelligence.

This organization represents an immediately operative and widely effective method for dealing with this situation. There are scores of liberty-loving persons in this city who could easily advance every cent needed by this organization for the prosecution of its noble mission. There is not an individual in this city, or in this country, for that matter, who in any way comes in contact with the opposite race, to whom the work of this organization is not of direct personal interest. Surely such persons will not allow the modest appeal of this organization for funds to be made in vain. The PUBLIC LEDGER will gladly recive any amount which is given for this cause. ____________________________________ NEW TREATY WITH JAPAN NECESSARY.

The action of the responsible officers

[column 3] under the Constitution, [?] to themselves. Be that as it may, a new treaty with Japan is imperative or renewed efforts for exclusion in California will precipitate other and more dangerous crises. What is wanted now is breathing space and it will not discredit this great nation or California to act with extreme patience in an effort to calm Oriental hysteria. The Administration simply needs time in which to settle decisively, through diplomacy, that status of the Japanese in the United States.

THE KRUPP SCANDAL IN GERMANY.

The charges brought by the Socialist Deputy Liebknecht, in the Reichstag, that the great Krupp works at Essen have been maintaining secret and irregular communications with the German War Department have lost none of their effectiveness by the admission of the Krupps that they maintained "friendly relations" with the Government for the purpose of "obtaining business information," and even "exerted pressure" on certain subordinates. It has generally been supposed in this country that the Krupp estalishment was a quasi-governmental institution, in the full confidence of the established authorities and in a position to obtain what information is desired. The contrary is true, however, and Germany is gasping at a revelation of corruption of the type which is popularly supposed in Europe to exist only in the United States.

Just how far the revelations will chill the enthusiasm of the ardent patriots who have been shouting for the new war levies is conjectural, but as the Krupp establishment would profit tremendously by the proposed expenditures it may be that national resentment will express itself in decisive demonstrations in opposition to the whole programme of the Government. Impartiality and frankness in the investigation under way may soothe public opinion, but any disposition to substitute scapegoats for the real offeners is likely to provoke a political crisis. _________________________________

A significant tendency in the various States is the larger use of direct taxation. For instance, Ohio will get its $700,000 a year to pay the pensions for mothers by a tax of one-tenth of a mill. Good roads have doubled the direct taxes of several States. In other States there are efforts to get a direct tax for agriculture, as much as a mill. The direct tax makes itself known rather more bluntly than the other kinds of taxation and it has educational value. _________________________________ Unnecessary Judges, dual officeholders, legislative sinecures and the whole list of extravagance and worse make the selfrespecting Pennsylvanian turn his eyes away from Harrisburg and wonder when this State will ever be redeemed from the spoilers. _________________________________ Boston's Chamber of Commerce is sending fifty business men to investigate the trade opportunities of Panama and South America. If we had persuaded our business bodies to unite, perhaps Philadelphia would be doing something like this. ____________________________________ In his very successful essay Thomas Jefferson said all men were born free and equal; but they don't keep that way long, especially when Jefferson's party has an income tax and $4000 exemptions. __________________________________ We don't mind Japan going on the rampage and singing war songs, but we tremble when we think of the effect on Hobson. __________________________________ If the inheritance tax keeps up its pace New York will soon be able to spend another hundred millions on public highways. _________________________________ The Senate bathrooms have been closed. Many of the Senators never could understand what they were there for, anyhow. ___________________________________ It is the tragedy of municipal reform in America that every good Mayor is embarrased by the City Councils. ___________________________________

[column 4] when the filtration works were put in there was a great outcry about the expense. Just now we hear a similar denunciation of the cost of the Broad street subway. But that too, will prove a cheap investment. When you multiply the time saved each day by one person going up or down town, by the scores of thousands whose minutes will be saved, it will far outmatch the interest on $43,000,000 of original cost. ------------- Was it ever your misfortune to have to visit a physician? If so, I'm sure you must have been impressed by the great number of other persons who were similarly afflicted. Did you ever go into a popular doctor's waiting room and not find someone waiting ahead of you and more coming after you? You never did. I feel confident in saying that. There is a constant procession in and out.

Now it happens that there are a couple of thousand physicians in this city, all more or less popular, at least, until it comes to to pay your bill. In each one of these offices people throng. So it must happen every morning say at 10 o'clock that there are from five to ten thousand persons in doctor's waiting rooms at one time. It would seem as if half the town were being invalided.

It is no reflection upon the medical profession when I say that, measured alone by the number of visitors, the town never appears to recover. The throng continues as big as ever.

In one doctor's outer office there are 15 chairs, so he himself tells me, for I have not seen them, and often a waiting patient sits upon each of them.

I wonder if the crowds would grow less if the Chinese method were introduced. There the physicians are paid to keep people well and not to cure them after they become ill. -------------------------------- A COUNTRYMAN came to the city and was struck with the fact that many persons seemed to prefer to buy highpriced things just because they were high priced. This set him to thinking. He knew something about making candy.

Why not, inquired him of himself, make a good quality of candy and then ask from 25 to 50 cents more for it than any other candy in the market? If folks damand simply a high price, why not give it to them?

Acting on that idea he produced a candy of about the same quality that other confectioners sold, but made the price so much higher that many persons imaged it must be of a far superior brand. That idea of advertising a commodity by merely charging an exorbitant price for it made him successful and rich. People were humbugged by the price tag.

This country has in it many people having such easy money that they do not know the value of a dollar. They look no further than the label; then buy what costs the most. ---------------------------------------- THE AMERICAN flight to Europe has started again in earnest. Each spring witnesses an exodus of people with fat letters of credit. Each late summer and autumn sees them homne again with a lean letter, but a new sensation or two. country's capital, because foreign travelers carry abroad as much as 100,000,000 every year. It is a big drain on the country's capital, because foreign travelers do not fetch into the United States $5,000,000 a year. American tourists cut a real figure in international finance. European bankers invariably take the gold these travelers carry with them into account just as they figure up the amount of interest and dividends that goes from the United States upon securities owned abroad.

It pays Paris to keep up its title as the world's chief show place. It is the best possible investment of the kind any city on earth possesses, because tourists pour into that capital scores of millions every year.

Incidentally I often wonder why more Americans who go to Europe do not go earlier in the year. When the average tourist reaches Paris, London or Berlin in July or August they are coming to Philadelphia in the same months. They are seen in their greatest charm in the spring. GIRARD

in upright negroes combining especially through their churches, to curb such disturbing elements as are mentioned above, and in upright white people agreeing, especially through their churches, to apply such rules of social and economic justice in their dealings with negroes as measurably accord with the accepted ideas of Christian civilization.

Applying these principles, the League of Civic and Political Reform will co-operate with municipal authorities in eradicating from among negroes all questionable reports, habitual corner lounging, rowdyism and public indecency. It also will urge that all negroes who are habitual idlers from choice be either forced to earn an honest living or subjected to prosecution as common vagrants. The Association for Equalizing Industrial Opportunities will take up jointly with the owners and employees of specified industrial concerns the question of merited recognition of colored labor.

For the purpose of opening and maintaining headquarters, extending the cause, disseminating literature and maintaining copentent workers, this organization is in pressing need of at least $5000. The undersigned persons, who are thoroughly conversant with the plans and scope of this movement, believe that for alleviating the every-day problems of the negro, improving public relations between the races and advancing the cause of good government it represents a work of boundless value which the vital interests of society must sustain in sheer self defense.

All contributions should be sent in the PUBLIC LEDGER, which will deposit the final amount in trust for this organization, to be withdrawn only through the joint written instructions of Dr. A. J. Rowland, secretary of the American Baptist Publication Society, 1701 Chestnut street; Henry W. Wilbur, secretary of the Annual Conference of Friends, 139 North Fifteenth street, and Dr. John W. Lee, pastor of the first African Presbyterian Church, 741 South Seventeenth street, who by special request of the promoters of this cause will supervise the expenditure of every cent.

FRANK P. PARKIN, superintendent Central District, Philadelphia Conference Methodist Episcopal Church.

Dr. A. J. ROWLAND, secretary American Baptist Publication Society.

HENRY W. WILBUR, secretary Annual Conference of Friends.

JOHN WATHORN, pastor Central Methodist Episcopal Church.

C. A. TINDLEY, past Calvary Methodist Episcopal Church.

JOHN W. LEE, pastor First African Presbyterian Chuch.

P. A. WALLACE, pastor Zion Wesley African Methodist Episcopal Church. _________________________________________ SUNDAY "COMICS" Comment Upon Their Discontinuance in the "Public Ledger."

To the Editor of the Public Ledger:

Sir—The letters to the PUBLIC LEDGER so consistently approving the discontinuance of the Sunday comics remind me of when I was a kid and, with other kids, played pots and commons on a lot owned by a man said to have been 65 years old. Well, here's how old he was to us—we peppered his knuckles as hard as we did ours. Now, opposite lived some people who objected to us for our noise, but being on private property with permission they were helpless to remove us. Yet, secretly, they purchased that lot and a church was built upon it.

I meet these boys, now men, and chatting over those days, we never can decide whether those people bought that lot to get rid of us or of that gray-haired "kid."

BEN COLL. Philadelphia, April 16, 1913

To the Editor of the Public Ledger: Sir—When first we missed getting what the little folks call the "funny part" of the Public Ledger we supposed it mislaid in some way, but since we have learned it is discontinued we are satisfied that it is for the best. Although the comic sheets have been universal in all city papers, many of your readers have no doubt thought it was somewhat out of its element in your worthy PUBLIC LEDGER, not, indeed, that we would pretend to be too sanctimonious to enjoy "now and then" what is relished by the "best of men" but one cannot help feeling that the exaggerated frolics at the expense of the older characters are not calculated to elevate the youthful minds to have proper esteem for their elderly friends or people as they go through life. But our PUBLIC LEDGER is now, and ever since I have any remembrance of it, a requisite and a household treasure, and especially of late years, with its many splendid features of dependable news, fine editorials, business opportunities and delightful Sunday treats. Congratulations and continued sucess to Philadelphia's PUBLIC LEDGER. McCODVILLE. Philadelphia, April 15, 1913 ___________________________________ STARBOARD AND PORT ___________________________________ A Seadog Discusses the Altered Vocabulary of the Deep.

To the Editor of the Public Ledger: Sir—It seems that the Honorable the Secretary of the Navy of the United States of America, Josephus Daniels, of North Carolina, has called all hands aft and admonished those who go down to the sea in ships. Through trumpet from the quarter-deck of his department he proclaims the death of "port" and "starboard" and that "left" and "right

12 PUBLIC LEDGER-PHILADELPHIA. MONDAY MORNING. APRIL 2

[column 1] ESTABLISHED 1836. PUBLIC [image: logo] LEDGER GEORGE W. CHILDS Editor and Proprietor from 1864 to 1894. _____________________ Published every morning at PUBLIC LEDGER Bldg. By PUBLIC LEDGER COMPANY: CYRUS H. K. CURTIS, President John Gribbel, Vice President; George W Ochs, Secretary and Treasurer; Chas H. Ludington, Phillip S. Collins, Directors _______________________ George W. Ochs, Editor and Publisher; Alan Cunningham, Associate Editor: G. Warfield Hobbs, Managing Editor; Milton B. Ochs, Business Manager _______________________ OFFICES: Main Office —Independence Square. CENTRL—Postal Telegraph, 1326 Chestnut St. UPTOWN—Fenner's, Broad & Columbia Ave. HARRISBURG BUREAU—The Patriot Building. WASHINGTON BUREAU—The Post Building. NEW YORK BUREAU—The Times Building. BERLIN—60 Friedrichstrasse. LONDON—2 Pall Mall East, S.W. PARIS—32 Rue Louis le Grand. ________________________________ PRICE: Daily . . . . . One Cent —│ Sunday . . . . Five Cents BY MAIL outside Philadelphia Daily, one month, 25c. One Year $3.00. Daily and Sunday, one mo., 50c. One year $5.30 _______________________________ Telephones: Bell, 3000 Walnut. Keystone, Main 3000 _________________________________ ENTERED AT THE PHILADELPHIA POSTOFFICE AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER. _________________________________ PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, APRIL 21, 1913. _________________________________ THE REORGANIZATION OF THE REPUBLICAN PARTY.

President Taft, in taking the leading part in the reorganization and rehabillitation of the Republican party, is showing some of the useful employment to which ex-Presidents may devote themselves. When a man has enjoyed the supreme honor of acting as Chief Magistrate of the United States and leader of an historic party whose life has been inextricably intertwined with the growth of the nation, it is a much more delectable task to aid in the reconstruction than in the destruction of the party which has made the most insistent demand upon his gratitude.

The Republican party should be rescued, strengthened, re-established in a position so powerful that the outcome of an election will always be in doubt until the vote is computed.

Party government is a necessity in the United States and party government implies the existence of at least two organizations, with no great disparity in numerical strength, either of which may be used by the people as an instrument of correction in the event of failure on the part of the other to carry out faithfully its promises and achieve the purpose for which it was placed in power. It is evident, therefore, that only the Republican party or the Progressive party should survive, for the perpetuation of both of minority domination in the United States for an indefinite period, with the disastrous results that minority control, if long continued, inevitably brings about.

There must be a death struggle be-

[column 2] publican party, to shape its policies so that they will appeal to those opposed to Democratic principles and also to place in a commanding position in the party councils men who will inspire the confidence and respect of the party and of the country. It is a great and worthy endeavor. ______________________________________ THE NEGROES MUST BE GIVN INDUSTRIAL OPPORTUNITY.

In a letter to the PUBIC LEDGER, published this morning, Booker T. Washington declares that there is no difficulty in negroes obtaining work in the South; on the contrary, the work is seeking them. "I know of no secction in the South," says the Tuskegee educator, "where there is an able-bodied man or woman of our race who wants to find work cannot find it."

This merely emphasizes by contrast the lamentable condition which has been permitted to exist in Philadelphia and other large cities. No matter what the opportunities at the South, it is incontrivertible that in this city there is a positive tendency toward industrial ostraciasm of the black man and he finds it more and more difficult to obtain suitable remployment, or any employment. Whether the reason for this is economic or racial may be the subject of argument, but of the fact itself there cannot be any doubt. It\ is all the more discreditable to Philadelphia that where the negro is best known he is not deprived, even partially, of fair opportunity in labor.

Those organizations in Philadelphia which have investigated the situation thoroughly believe that the prejudice against the black man is due to the activity displayed by the vicious e;ements of it, and they hope, through the curbing of these elements, to bring about a public opinion in the business world more favorable to the decent and respectable blacks, of whom there are thousands. It is their purpose also to urge directly on large industrial establishments the desirability of recognizing colored labor, not for philanthropic reasons but because it deserves such recognition.

We have the negroes with us; what are we going to do with them? They cannot starve, yet they must starve or beg or steal unless they can get work. This community cannot afford to incriminate either its intelligence or its moral integrity, omitting all reference to its Christian duty, by denying to fellow citizens, or to human beings, because of their color, the right to live, and the right to live is denied if the right to make a living is denied. The racial question can degenerate in that way into a racial crime. ______________________________________

WILSON'S DELIBERATE WAY. It is comforting to follow the developments of the so-called war scare

[column 3] tional judges who are not needed and not wanted except by the bosses for political patronage.

The net result of the Legislature's work thus far with respect to Philadelphia is five Judgeships for political uses, while the lawmaking body is either lukewarm or positively hostile to bills that are needed and must be passed unless the city is to be halted in its forward march in the path of progress. On this sort of platform no political party can afford to go before the public. The Republican Organization in paltering dubiously on this occasion will show that it can never learn even at is hour of sorest trial. ____________________________________

LET THE SUFFRAGE BILL GO BEFORE THE PEOPLE.

Whether one believes in votes for women or not, he ought to believe in giving the voters of the State a chance to express themselves on the constitutional amendment that concedes the extension of the suffrage. The bill passed the house by a decisive majority. It has been in the custody of the Senate for a month, and it was scheduled for final action in the Senate today. If it should pass this session it must go before the Legislature again in 1915 before it is submitted to the people.

There can be no possible harm in letting the will of the people be definately ascertained in the mooted issue. If they don't want votes for women they will say so. If they do approve of suffrage extension the aim of the propogandists will have been attained. There are many who are eager to have the measure submitted to popular vote, not from anhy enthusiasm in its favor but for precisely the contrary reason—they are sure that to put it to the test means its certain defeat. From whatever motive, opponents and proponents should make common cause in demanding that the Senate release the suffrage bill to the tender mercies of the electorate. _____________________________________ TARS SHOULD "SEE AMERICA FIRST."

It will scarcely be more expensive to maintain the battleship fleet in the Mediterranean than at home and it will probably de neither officers or men any harm to cruise along the Riviera. In some ways it may be positively beneficial. The merchantmen that fly our flag are few and far between; some of the Consuls must be weary of waiting to spy the stars and stripes at a masthead.

It is worth while to suggest, however, that many of our native ports have seldom seen a war vessel. There have been plenty of pictures of them, but battleships themselves are curiosities in dozens of American ports which

[column 4] should be permitted to stand in the way of an accomplishment which the welfare of humanity as a whole demanded. The canal having been built through territory acquired on such a pretense, the use of it as an instrument for the subsidizing of purely domesitc interests would be so flagrantly inconsistent as to impair for yeears to come our reputation among the nations for altruism and integrity.

There are two things which must be done if we are to retain our self-respect; Colombia must be given financial satisfaction for the territory expropriate for the good of humanity, and Congress must retire from is narrow attitude and open the canal in fact to the ships of all nations on terms of unquestioned equality. _________________________________ Editor Nelson, of Kansas City, is not to be punished for any criticism he may have of a Judge. The commissioner of the Missouri Supreme Court said: "Every person has the right to publish his understanding of what a Court has decided, and to differ with the Court as to what the law is, and also to criticise the law, as long at least as the citation does not attempt to impugn the movtives of the Court or to charge corruption or infamy and thereby attempt to bring our courts into disrepute." All this is elemental, but it is well to have it emphasized occasionally, so that people, including Judges, will not forget. _____________________________ If the Belgium strike is not compromised soon the Belgium Government will be. ______________________________ The Legislature is long on sessions and short on doings. ______________________________ Possibly the score of Progressives in the House of Representatives are the real Futurists. _______________________________ One measure of our advance is the increasing powerlessness of the demagogue. Whether this demogogue be a man in public life or in charge of a sensational newspaper or a trickster in finance or scholarship, he runs his course and gets off the map quicker than ever before. His brevity is a tribute to the increasing intelligence of the public. ____________________________ The silence of the Vice President emphasizes the importance of the Society for the Prevention of Useless Noises. ______________________________ Philadelphia's biggest hope is smaller Councils. _____________________________ A church that turns down a profit of a million dollars because it will not surrender its place in the midst of business is a refereshing novelty, and the fact that it is located on the fashionable thoroughfare of New York adds to the interest. Sometimes it is well to show that money is not everything, or even the largest

[column 5]

TOPICS OF THE TOWN --------------------- EX-SENATOR J. DONALD CAMERON was talking an evening or two ago to some friends at his hotel in this city. He had just returned from Florida, where he spent the winter, and was staying here for a brief time before going on to his ancestral home at Donegal Farm, on the Susquehanna.

"I feel," said the venerable ex-Senator, "like a man who has no political party." One could could scarcely expect the son of Lincoln's War Secretary and Minister to Russia to feel otherwise. "Nothing but Providence," added he, "can set this country right or put it where it was when it was becoming really great."

"How is that" was inquired. "About three years of hard times or poor crops would settle the socialistic tendencies and I know of nothing else that could."

Mr. Cameron is now about 80 years old, but he looks much less than that. His redish, sand mustache and hair lack the appearance of an octogenarian. He excused himself early with this remark: "I make it an unfailing rule to go to bed every night at 9 o'clock."

It has happened but few times in American politics that father and son for such a long period cut such a big figure as the elder and the younger Cameron. From 1850 to 1890, their grip upon a party organization in this State was unshakable. The Adams famkly, of course, has this record beaten and has set a precedent that may never been equaled. --------------- Not often, but once in a while, a goldbrick has some real gold in it. Your very dear friends, or you diguised enemies "let you in" on some deal—just to let themselves out—and there actually proves to be a pot of good metal at the end of the rainbow.

One of Philadelphia's most widely known business men were talking to me about this phase of human affairs and then proceeded to illustrate. "My late friend, Judge White," said he, "bought a piece of land for $5000 in central Pennsylvania. Two friends of his had formerly paid that price for it. and believing they had been stuck, decided to sell a third interest in the property to the Judge for the whole amount they had paid, while each retained a third interest that cost him nothing. Well, that land had under it a fine vein of soft coal and when the Judge afterward turned it over to the Berwinds, he recieved exactly $400,000.

Here was a brick that was real gold. Everybody in Philadelphia who has had anything to do with precious metal mining for two decades has known the name of Graham. He was once let in for a bunch of Western mining stock as payment for a debt and the supposedly worthless stock turned into a fortune when the mine really developed excellent ore.

Thus it is that the fellow who puts his hand in your pocket sometimes leaves more there than he intended to take away—but I admit this is an exception rather than the rule. ---------------------------------------- You've heard about the girl who had "rings" on her fingers and

[column 6] POINT OF VIEW OSTRACISM OF NEGRO Prejudice is Confined to North, Says Booker T. Washington.

To the Editor of the Public Ledger: Sir—I write regarding what you say in your recent editorials on "Negro Labor." I do not in any degree attempt to minimize or overlook the wrongs perpetrated upon our race in many part of the country in reference to labor, but I think some of the statements are often put before the public which are likely to be misleading.

It should be borne in mind that out of the 10,000,000 black people in the United States, 9,000,000 reside in our Sourthern States, and so far as I am able to discover, there is little, if any, problem in the South so far as getting an opportunity to labor is concerned, whether the labor is common or skilled. In fact my experience and observations convince me that instead of the negro having to seek work in the South, work seeks him; and I know of no section in the South where there is an able-bodied man or woman of our race who wants to work who cannot find it. The present problem among both white employers of labor and black employers of labor is to find enough colored people to perfom the work. The South is guilty of a good many sins, I know, but the native Southern white man is seldom guilty of the sin of keeping a negro out of a job simply because he is black.

MANY NEGRO SHIPBUILDERS.

A few months ago I visited the shipyard at Newport News, Va., perhaps the largest shipbuilding concern in the United States. I found here 2250 colored persons were being employed in connection with the building of ships. Many of the most skilled laborers, doing the most delicate and high-class work in the construction of the ships were black persons. The manager of the shipyard told me that his only problem was to get more negroes who would learn the shipbuilding business and those of the kind that would stick to their jobs, and render effective service after they got the jobs.

At Tuskegee Institute, for example, we can scarcely keep men and women in school long enough for them to finish the courses of training, so great is the demand for service. If we could turn out five times as many skilled mechanics as we are now turning out, every one of them could find employment without waiting a day. One of largest manufacturing concerns in the Birmingham district keeps a standing order with us to the effect that it will employ any one of our men whom we are able to recommend. The Cahill Iron Works, in Chattanooga, readily takes any man from this institution who has only had a partial training in foundry work.

When the Tuskegee Institute closes the school term for a short vacation next May I will guarantee to say that there will be many large business concerns that will have their agents on the ground seeking to induce our students to go to various places in the South to labor for these concerns; this includes both common and skilled labor.

It is our experience here at Tuskegee that letters reach us even from the North, asking us to recommend laborers to work in various capacities. During the present week letters have come from Trenton, N. J., asking us to recommend a number of skilled men for a large brick making firm, and from aother asking us to recommend laborers at from $2 to $2.50 per day to work in connection with a Maryland cement company.

COLORED FIREMEN ABOUND.

There is a good deal of talk, from time to time, about the negro being debarred from the railroad service as a fireman; notwithstanding the talk, one who travels in the South, as I do constantlym see negro firemen on the locomotives. I do not know how many negro firemen are employed on the locomotives in the Northern and Western States, but I do know that hundreds and I beleive thousands are employed in this capacity throughout the South.

But my main object in sending this communication is to emphasize the fact that in this part of the country, at least, the negro can find all the work he is willing to perform, and in some cases the pay is disgracefully low, but, on the other hand, the cost of living is much lower than it is in any other part of the world.

My own belief is that the negro in the North will never solve his problem in the labor world until, in a large degree, the negro begins at the bottom and creates industries of a kind that will enable him to give employment to members of his own race. So long as a man, whether he is white or black, has to seek an occupation in an industry that somebody else has created, just so long will that

[column 1]

of failure on the part of the other to carry out faithfully its promises and achieve the purposes for which it was placed in power. It is evident, therefore, that only the Republican party or the Progressive party should survive, for the perpetuation of both of them would mean the continuance of minority domination in the United States for an indefinite period, with the disastrous results that minority control, if long continued, inevitably brings about.

[column 2] moral integrity, omitting all reference to its Christian duty, by denying to fellow citizens, or to human beings, because of their color, the right to live, and the right to live is denied if the right to make a living is denied. The racial question can degenerate in that way into a racial crime. _________________________________ WILSON'S DELIBERATE WAY. It is comforting to follow the developments of the so-called war scare

[column 3] Riviera. In some ways it may be positively beneficial. The merchantmen that fly our flag are few and far between; some of the Consuls must be weary of waiting to spy the stars and stripes at a masthead.

It is worth while to suggest, however, that many of our native ports have seldom seen a war vessel. There have been plenty of pictures of them, but battleships themselves are curiosities in dozens of American ports which

[column 4] Hammerstein will continue to produce opera so long as someone else continues to product the wherewithal. _____________________________ A church that turns down a profit of a million dollars because it will not surrender its place in the midst of business is a refreshing novelty, and the fact that it is located on the fashionable thoroughfare of New York adds to the interest. Sometimes it is well to show that money is not everything, or even the largest

[column 5] bunch of Western mining stock as payment for a dept and the supposedly worthless stock turned into a fortune when the mine really developed excellent ore.

Thus it is that the fellow who puts his hand in your pocket sometimes leaves more there than he intended to take away—but I adit that this is an exception rather than the rule. ---------------- You have heard about the girl who had "rings on her fingers and

[column 6] training in foundry work.

When the Tuskegee Institute closes the school term for a short vacation next May I will guarantee to say that there will be many large business concerns that will have their agents on the ground seeking to induce our students to go to various places in the South to labor for these concerns; this includes both common and skilled labor.

It is our experience here at Tuskegee that letters reach us even from the North, asking us to recommend laborers to work in various capacities. During the present week letters have come from Trenton, N. J., asking us to recommend a number of skilled men for a large brick making firm, and from aother asking us to recommend laborers at from $2 to $2.50 per day to work in connection with a Maryland cement company.

COLORED FIREMEN ABOUND.

There is a good deal of talk, from time to time, about the negro being debarred from the railroad service as a fireman; notwithstanding the talk, one who travels in the South, as I do constantlym see negro firemen on the locomotives. I do not know how many negro firemen are employed on the locomotives in the Northern and Western States, but I do know that hundreds and I beleive thousands are employed in this capacity throughout the South.

But my main object in sending this communication is to emphasize the fact that in this part of the country, at least, the negro can find all the work he is willing to perform, and in some cases the pay is disgracefully low, but, on the other hand, the cost of living is much lower than it is in any other part of the world.

My own belief is that the negro in the North will never solve his problem in the labor world until, in a large degree, the negro begins at the bottom and creates industries of a kind that will enable him to give employment to members of his own race. So long as a man, whether he is white or black, has to seek an occupation in an industry that somebody else has created, just so long will that individual or race be placed at a disadvantage BOOKER T. WASHINGTON Tuskegee Institute, Ala., April 18, 1913. ----------------------------------- THE BEREAN INSTITUTE The Splendid Work It Is Doing for the Negro.

To the Editor of the Public Ledger: Sir-I have read with profound interest the four sucessive editorials in the PUBLIC LEDGER this week on the condition of the Philadelphia negro, namely "Race Antagonism," "Idleness and Crime Among Negroes" and "The Church and the Negro." These articles are most excellent and I am sure they will tend to awaken a right public sentiment toward the negro here in Philadelphia and throughout the country among all right-thinking people. The PUBLIC LEDGER is most clear and impartial in its statements of fact, and it is championing the industrial and manhood rights of the negro as no other paper in Philadelphia, for which the more than 100,000 negroes in Greater Philadelphia are most grateful. In my judement, one of the most feasible ways of soiving the industrial and moral problem of the negro is through the church and industrial school. The Berean enterprise, on South College avenue opposite Girard College, consisting of Berean Presbyterian Church, Berean Bullding and Loan Assocation and Berean Manual Training and Industrial School, is doing more toward the general uplift of the negro than any one agency in the North. Through the Berean Building and Loan Association nearly 400 negroes of Philadelphia have secured homes of their own, and the assets of the association are now over $200,000.

Over 3000 young colored men and women have been in attendance for long and short periods at the Berean Manual Training School within the last 13 years, and were made more efficient as servants and workmen. In the meantime over 200 have completed trades.

The one encouraging thing about the Berean enterprise, as has been mentioned by Dr. Talcott Williams in a public address, is that it was the creation of and is being inspired by a negro brain. "MATTHEW ANDERSON. Philadelphia, April 18, 1913. -------------------------------- Race Discrimination. To the Editor of the Public Ledger: Sir—Will you spare me a few moments to express my most sincere appreciation for the series of editorials which you have been running on the very serious "Negro Problem." As a negro I can apprectate what it is to be discriminated against, but I have always endeavored to look at this matter from the point of view of the Caucasian. My early training and associations have made this more possible for me than for some others of my race, and in the last analysis it has always seemed to me that the problem centered around the inability of the negro to secure lucrative employment in the field for which he might be best fitted by nature. The negro, like all other men, must live; and if he cannot live by fair means then he will live by foul means, and when he enters the vicious walks of life he menaces the white people of the community in which he lives even more than he does those of his own race * * * C. Philadelphia, April 21, 1913.

Personal

[stamp: THE WHITE HOUSE APR 29, 1913 RECEIVED

152

April 26, 1913.

Recvd 4/29/13

The Honorable, The Secretary to the President, White House, Washington, D.C.

Dear Sir:

I[m]have the honor to lay before you the enclosed carbon copy of my letter of even date to Dr. I. W. L. Roundtree. It speaks for itself.

As to whether or not President Wilson will or will not appoint any Negro or Negroes to office is a matter concerning which I have not one word to say. That, of course, is for him to decide and I have no doubt that he will decide it the way it suits him to decide it. But when a member of the Negro race writes to you and tells you that right thinking Negroes agree that it is right to withhold from Negroes a thing which men of all nations celebrate as a sacred gift of freedom, then I feel it is time to let you know that such Negroes do not represent the best and the innermost thought of the Negro race on the subject herein referred to.,

Jean Finot, the distinguished French savant, has given to the world in his "Race Prejudice" the most notable work extant on that terrible subject. In that masterpiece he shows that race prejudice is above all things unreasoning. That being true, it ill behooves a member of a race which notoriously suffers from the injustice of race prejudice to strike a truce with [Molesh?] by admitting that a state of mind which is shown to be devoid of every vestige of reasonableness, is the right state of mind to apply in formulating a policy toward upwards of ten million human beings.

I denonce I. W. L. Roundtree (may his tribe decrease) for the miserable letter he wrote you under date of the 15th inst., and I ask that these papers be filed as a solemn (if also impotent) protest against the destructive doctrine laid down by him. If he does not realise what his letter means then he is an idiot; if he does realise it, then he is a caitiff.

Very respectfully, Your most humble servant, James C. Waters, Jr.. 1339 T Street, N. W.

1 enclosure.

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