Farfel Research Notebooks

BV 173 D 28 P. 80 - 1972 JG Davies (Stanford Ref.) A. The mass 1) The sacramentary - the celebrants book. 2) antiphonal misarum - contained all the sung proportions of both the offices + the mass. The material to be used in celebrating the eucharist was called the antiphon missarum or graduale. Medieval + Roman Catholic 3) The lectionary - contained the apistles + gospels read at mass 4) The missal - a book which resulted from fusion of the above 3. B. The divine office 1) The psalter - a distribution of the psalms for liturgical use over a period of a week or according to feasts 2) The sntiphonal - Contained the antiphons + responds of the divine office *75 3) The hymnal - the collection of hymns used at the celebration of the office 4) The breviary (fusion of 1-3.)

Late in the 1st greater of the quarter of the 11th C, a stave of 3 or 4 lines (2 black, with yellow + with red) was invented + propagated by the Benedictine monk, Guido of Arezzo. Stave of 4 lines of the same color, either red or black were used in the early polyphonic settings where they were reserved for the Tenor, ie. The voice which sung the Gregorian melody. Shortly after the middle fo the 13th C. the stave was adapted in the liturgical books of the friars + in the origin of the modern stave. Neumes - derive from Greek accents + show the rise + fall in pitch of the melody. Neumes are found in manuscripts from the 8th to the 13th C, when they were replaced by stave notation. The attempts at expressing the intervals of a melody required that the neumes should be carefully placed + consequently,

Laws of the Stannarius of Cornwall, Made at the Convocation or Parliament of Tinners, at Trurd, Sept. 13, Anno 27^0 Ges. II.

Stannarius, mines from which tin bearing ore is dug. The most noted stannarius are those of Devon + Cornwall in England. Around the mines of these two countries there has arisen a body of law + customary usage peculiar to the localityy + not imitated or duplicated in any other mines in England. By early usage the perogative of the Crown was extended so as to cover these tin mines, athough elsewhere it reaches only to gold + silver. King Johan (?1167-1216), in a charter to the Tuniners, gave them the privilege of mining + working anywhere in the two countries + this was confirmed by subsequent monarchs, until Edward III (1312-1377) created his son Duke fo Cornwall with the stannaries as a perpetuity of the duchy. The Doke who is now always the Prince of Wales is represented by a warden + vice wardens. In former times representative assemblies of the Turiners (called parliaments) were summoned by the Warden for the regulation of the stannaries + redress of greviances: the last of them was held in 1752. The Stannary Courts are courts of record held by the warden + vice warden (of the same limited exclusive character as the courts - patatine) in wich the tuniners have the privilege of suing + being sued. They were remodeled + regulated by a series of acts of Parliament. Appeals from them are now taken to the Court of Appeals + finally to the House of Lords.

338.2 L 674 - George Randall Lewis - The Stannaries.

The House of Stuart * James I 1603-25 *Anne 1702-1714 * Charles I 1625-49 George I 1714-1727 Charles II 1660-85 * George II 1727-1760 son of *James II 1685-88 George III 1760-1820 grandson + William III 1689-1702 Marg 1689-1694 Seven Years' War 1755-1863 The Romans divided the day from sunrise to sunset into 12 sequel parts called hours. These were the common hours. Are there not 12 hours of the day? (John 11,9) They also (as did the Jews after the conquest) divided the day into 4 greater hours, + the night into 4 watches each of wich was of 3 common hours duration (6PM-9, 9-12, 12-3, 3-6) (6AM-9, 9-12, 12-3, 3-6)

Prophets - 22 books "former" Joshua, Judges, Samuel + Kings "letter" Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel + 12 minor prophets As a whole the prophetical books attempt to trace the history of the Hebrew nation from the time of the entrance into the land of Canaan to that of the Babylonian captivity, a period fo some 600 yrs. Ezekiel - emphasized individual responsibility.

Celtic - Insular Gadhelic or Erse - old Irish, Middle Irish, Modern Irish, Scottish, Gaelic, Manx Brythonic - Old Welsh, Middle Welsh, Modern Welsh, Cornish, Breton

Rosetta Stone 1) Classical Egyptian - hieroglyphies 2) Contempory Cursive writing called Demotic 3) Greek

C. Fairfax Murray Z240 M97 Ref. Hours - the composition of the volume + the main sequence of illustration in both manuscript + printed book followed a certain basic outline. I. Almanac II. Calendar III. Sequentise of the Gospels IV. Harmony of the Passion. V. Hours of the Virgin Mary A. Matins midnight or day break *E. Sext 6th hour of the day -noon (sunrise) 3AM B. Lauds Psalms of praise *F. Nones 4th hour or 3PM C. Prime 1st hour of the day 6AM G. Cespers late afternoon or evening 6PM *D. Tierae 3rd hour of the day 9AM H. Compline after the evening meal 9PM VI. Hours of the Cross VII " of " Holy Ghost VII Seven Penitential Psalms + Litany IX Office of the Dead X Suffrages to carious saints etc.

Aug 2 S. Stephen I Pope, M. at Rome AD 259 3 The finding of St. Stephen AD 415 - discovery by the priest Lucien of his relics at Kafer Gannula in Palestine in Dec 415 20 S. Philibert, Ab. of Jumieges + Noirmoutier cinc. AD. 687 born in Gascony - took the babit in the abbey of Rebris founded by Owen - founded a monastery at Jumiegis in 654 - founded a monastery later called Noir moutain on island of Herio on coast of Poitou. 24 S. Owen of Audoen, B. of Rouen AD 683 - b. at Sancy near Soissons - native of Saneyin in Brie - founded the Abbey of Rebais in the forest of Brie - 640 elected Archbishop of Rouen 25 S. Louis (IX), K. of France - AD 1270. b. at Poissy 1214 11 Taurirus - B. of Evreux in Normandy circe. 5th C. 28 S. Vivian, B. of Saintes - 5th C - a disciple of S. Ambrose of Saintes. 18. S. Inam, C. at Irvine, in Scotland; 9th C.

Matins Hours or Office of the Virgin Domine, labia mea aperiis:et os meum annancaibit laudem tusm. from the Misenere Psalm 51:15 O Lord, thou wilt open my lips: and my tongue should declare thy praise. Other hours - Deus in adjutorium meum intende. Complins - Converte nos Deussalutaris noster. See Baring - Gould The Lives of the Saints 9 Aug BX 4655 B3 based on Latin edition of Graesu Leipzig (1850) 235.2 D51 Santa Clara The Golden Legend - August 1 The Holy Machabees - * 1 St Peter in Chains - 2 St Stephen the Pope * 3 The invention of St. Stephen the 1st Martyr * 4 St. Dominic (Dominicus) founder of the order of Preachers AS 122 b/ at Calaruega in Castile - * 6 St. Sixtus II - "On this same day the Church celebrates the feast of the Transfiguation [inserted] Ressurection [end inserted] of our Lord." AD 258 succeded Pope St. Stempen I. 7 St. Donatus - 8 St. Cyriacus + his companions - * 10 St. Lawrence (Laurentius Martyr AD 258 - apostles revealed it on this day. - * 13 St. Hippolytus Martyr AD 235 - *15 The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin MAry 1st Century 20 St. Bernard 22 St. Simphorianus - * 24 St. Bartholomeu - Apostle 1st Century - * 28 St. Augustine - Bishop of Hippo N. Africa - De Civitate Dei, Doctor of the Church AD 43 - * 29 The Decollation of St. John the Baptist - C. AD 39 29 Sts Savinianus + Sovina 30 Sts Felix + Adauctus

The dates assigned to the various Feast Days were taken from The Book of Saints, The Benedictine Monks of St Augustine's Abbey, Bamagate. London: A+C. Blank, 1931.

Pedacius Dioscorides, c. 40-80 -a Cilician Greek originator of the brance of medical science known as materia medica, the materials of medicine Translated into many languages, Dioscorides' herbal continued in use for more than 1500 years. His work is divided into 5 books: first, aromatics, ida, ointments, trees; second, animal products of dictatic + medicinal value, cereals, + garden herbs; third + fourth roots, juices, + other medicinal plants; + fifth, vines, wines, + metallic ores. Dioscordies; work - first published in Greek by Aldus Manutius at Venice in 1499. contemporary of Pliny - usually accorded the title of the 1st European to compile a materia medica - as distinct from a botanical handbook. Six hundred plants with their medical properties are described - of which 90 are still in use today.

Ellen K. Shaffer - The Garden of Health - SF Book Club - 1959 Gunst Z239 K3552f leaf from Hortus Sanitalis - 1499 checklist fo editions printed before 1550 Gart 1485-1547 Hortas Sanitatis 1491-1538 The Gart was the only herbal printed in Switzerland in the 15th C; Funter issued it a Basel around 1486. Schonsperger, - of 13 edtiions of the Gart before the close of the century, he was responsible fo r7 - 1485, 6, 7, 8, 93 (2), 96, 99.

Speculum Humanae Saluationis - The Minor Haman Salvation -compiled about 1324 by Ludolph of Saxony a Dominican monk in a house of the order at Strassbourg. - See #81

"Mosan" school of Art - Meuse Valley 12 C.

PR 2209 B82s Ref Vol. 2 p. 153 quire (choir)

Of the claterynge + bablynge of prestis + clerkes in the quere

Of folys yet: many we great number se In the holy guerys of chirches small + great Whose commanycacyon is voyde of honestye But on vayne talys theyr myndes clene ar set That goddes seruyce is oft hyndred + let By suche impres _ dedys of fare and here Which they as Folys recount within the quere.

I have before touchyed the great enormyte The foly, + disorder, without all reuerence Whiche in the chirche daryly we may se Amonge lay folys, which better were be thems But nowe shall I touche another, lyke offence And that is of Folys which in the quere habounde Nat saynge the seruyce of god as they are bounde (not)

But dyuers Toyes + Iapis varyable They spread abrode, encombrynyge the seruyer And namely with theyr tunge (tongue) where with they bable Eache one to other, as if they take aduyse And counsell togyden theyr cartis to deuyse Unto our shyppes theyr company to cary For loth they be to longe (long) fre (from) them to tary.

O goddes Temple, O godly ordynaunce Be holy faders (fathers) ordeyned to gyde the same None labours you to support nor auraunce But to decay they suffer, unto theyr shame The godly costomes as tourned unto game The Sermonyes sometyme kept stedfastly An nowe defyled by Iestis of uylany.

Thomas Dibdin Rare Book Coll. PR 4549 D415 - 1827 Tare + valuable editions etc - Polyglots Opus Quadripartitum Sacrae Scriptures, continens S. Biblia sive Libros Vet. et Nov. Testamenti omnes, quadruplici ligna, Hebraica, Graeca, Lateria et Germanica. Cura et studio Davidis Wolderi Hamberg Fol. 1596. The Greek text of this work is formed according tot eh Antwerp Polyglot; the Latin version according to the Frankfort edit. of 1591, which is in fact, after various intervening versions, nothing but the old edition of R. Stephen in 1557; the German version is from Luther's edition of 1545. 4 Biblia sacra Graece, Latine + Germanice H.W. Adams #973 Ed. David Wolder - Pastor of the church of St. Peter at Hamburg. fo. Hamburgi, Jacobus Lucius juri excurd 384x246mm The 7 parts Iff 289 II 384 III 169 IV 295 V 218 VI 205 VII 153 are bound in 3 volumes Together with this Triglot the publishers issued the Hebrew O.T. of 1587 bearing a fresh (and fake) title.

History of Latin Writing 1) Writing of the Roman period 2) national Land writings 3) The Caroligian 4) the Gothic 5) Humanistic writing + modern Gothic hands.

Textura Rotunda Fere-humanistica Bastarda Roman ITalic

3 main groups of books liturgical scolastic vernacular

Basel Printers *Johann Amerbach Peter Kollicker * " Bergmann, de Olpa Johann Petri " Besicken Jacobus Wolff de Pforzheim Martin Flach Bernhard Richel * Johann Froben *Berthold Ruppal * Michael Furten *Michael Wenszler * Nicolaus Kesler Linhart Ysenhut Ludwig Hohenwang

The Anglo Saxon alphabetical characters differ only Emma Cope How to Read old Documents R Z113 C75 from the Roman in the letter W written p: there are also 2 additional double letters ' "th", represented by the following letter p, and 'dh' y, these last being in frequent use in the construction of words. About the time when printing was brought over + practiced in England the Saxon P disappeared.

The system of contraction started with the Jews, who were accustomed to omit the vowels in the sacred name fo Jahwe or Jehovah. It was transferred by Hallenizing Jews to Greek scribes through Greek translations of Hebrew Scriptures. From the Greeks it passed to Rome. One of the proofs of Jewish origin is that the usage, even in Latin, was at first absolutely confined to just 5 Sacred Names: Deus (ds), Jesus (i[?]s), Christus (xps), Spiritus (sps) + Dominus (d[?]s).

A.W. Pollard NC 960 P77 P.90 -At Milan only 2 illustrated books are known to have been issued before 1490, both of which appeared in 1479. The rarest of these is the Summa di Pacifica Consciuntia of Fra Pacifico di Novara printed by Philippus of Lavagnia, + illustrated with 3 copper plates, one of which represents the virtues of the Madonna.

The 1st 5 books of the Old Testament (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Noumbers + Duteronomy) are known collectively as the Pentateuch or Five Books of Moses (11-6th Centuries B.C.)

The dismissal at the end of the Mass, namely, the 'Ite missa est' (sometimes replaced by 'BenedicamusDomino')

Italian + Spanish parchments tend to be somewhat lighter in color + thinner that French + German which are usually darker + heavier. much English parchment has a velvety surface textur.

parchment - ordinary quality of skin - sheep + goats vellum - finer quality - calf, kid or lamb (Latin) caudex (later codex) - 'from the bark of a tree' - book construction in leaves as opposed to the roll form (papyrus, leather) gatherings or quires (sheet of 4 sheets fold once - 8 leaves or a quire (16 pages) - usual practice - to number or sign each quire at the end of the leaf (or sometimes at the beginning) (Latin) Penna - 'father' pen - quill - reed - metal

manuscript - hand written balck letter - Fraktur, Gothic, old english, text miniatures - Latin (minium - red led) illuminations (lumen - light) - "golden books"

the normal arrangement of a Latin guaternion would be: page side ruling 1 hair ridyes 2-3 flesh furrows 4-5 hair ridges 6-7 flesh etc until furrows 16 hair ridges

editions of the Vulgate by the end at the 15th C - Hain lists 109 - apart from Mainz itself, 14 came from Niunberg, 13 from Strassburg, 7 from Cologne, 2 from Speyer, 1 from Ulm + 17 from Basle. Venice produced 17, + after the late 1479's Lyons produced 9. Paris produced only one, but became a leading centre in the next century. The 1st book fo a living author printed Johannes Brunner's Grammathica Rythmicaschool master + editor at Peter Schoeffer prss 1467 - Peter Schoeffer