Farfel Research Notebooks

Book of Sirach - extols wisdom + ethical conduct. - this long book (51 chapters) forms part of the OT Wisdom literature - one of the few books of the OT to give the name of its author, The Latin title of the book is Ecclesiasticus. Sirach, a professional s scribe i.e. wise man composed his books for "every seeker after wisdom." Sirach wrote his book in Hebrew c. 180 BC. The Durtero canonical Book of Sirach was omitted from the Jewish (hense also from the Protestant) Canon, most likely because of the sectarienism of the Pharisees at the Synod of Jemnia c. AD 95. Sirach is a collection of poems praising wisdom + a kind of handbook of moral theology. It what a pious Jew of the 2nd C. BC believed + how he acted.

44.1 - 50.21 - Prais of Fathers [inserted] the longest sustained theme in the book is the celebrated section on the Praise of Famous Men. [end inserted] 49 Josiah + the Prophets 46 Joshua, Cabeb + The Judges 50 Simon, Son of Jochanan 47 Nathan, David + Solomon 48 Elijah + Elisha

Vulgate Bia. Ecclesiastes. Canticum Ecclesiastes ( or the O.T. Preacher) Canticorum Song of Songs Sapientia Sirach (Ecclesiasticus) Sirach seu Ecclesiasticus Isaiah Isaias (liber Iesu Filii Serach

Sirach - father of the authro of Ecclesiasticus, which is sometimes called Sirach Ben Sira is Hebrew for 'son of Sirach'

Not unalike the Paresian university hand was the minature writing used in the innumerable "packet" Bibles written in the 15th C in response to the recieved interest in the Scriptures that was brought about by the teaching of the new orders of friars. (Ency. Brit.)

Apocrypha - a nuclus of 14 or 15documents written during the last 2 centuries before Christ + the 1st C of the Chrisian era. Old Testament - 39 books New Testament - 27 books In 1546 the Roamn Church officially declared Tobit, Judith, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, I + II Maccabees, + certain supplementary parts of Esther + David to be inspired + on a par with the books of the Old Testament, among wich these are interspersed. Some Catholic scholars have designated these desputed books as dustero canonical, meaning thereby books accepted as canonical at a later date than the others, which are turned protocanonical. It is usual among Roman Catholics to apply the term Apocrypha to the books which others commonly designate Pseudepigraphs.

-Coverdale had the Apocrypha en bloc between the Testaments except Baruch which he places after Jeremiah. - The apocryphal books are the weakest part of the Authorized Verison.

p. 22 Great Books + Collectors Aung. Thomas THe 1st manuscritps to have survived in any quantity are the Bibles written - esp. in France during the 100 yrs following 1175. The strong hand of Philip Augustus (1180-1223) had affected a aonsiderable degree of security in France enabling the arts to flourish. WIth the reign of St. Louis (1226-70) intellectual leadership moved from the monasteries to the universities where the friars, especially the Dominicans played a great part. St. Louis gathered an important theological library in the treasury of the St. Chapelle, remarking that a church without books was like an army without weapons. Manuscript production now passed mainly to commerical workshops which were to be found near the universities in Paris + elsewhere.

63 July 77 Rosenthal $45

Manuscript leaf - 14th C. German Roman Missal - Monday in Easter Week. Gothic - the extensive flourishes + excessive suifs betray its lateness (14th C) There is hardly a word that does

The Roman Missal - A. Cabrol - 1934 - 264.02 C364 mc not show flourishes at which the script of the more vigorous 13th C was free The missal contains all the recited + chanted texts fo the Mass. Since it is an organic combination of the sacramentary + the gradual, it may contain the music of the chanted parts or only their texts. Hence the difference between noted missale + plain ones. In the later Middle Ages the necessary instructions (rubries) were inserted. In such cases the Missal is called rubricated

Strassburg Mentelin - 1473

The Nomina Sacra: ds, di = deus, dei; dns, dni = dominus domini; ihs, ihu = Iesus, Iesu; xpr, spi = Christus Q Christi; sps, spui, spm = spiritus, spiritui, spiritum; ses, sci = sanctus, sancti.

The modern Roman Missal is basically that approved by Pius V in 1570.

Missal - 2 cycles of Christmas + Easter

*German

P=per *cu=cum qm=quoniam postqm=postquam Italian mia=misericordia px=rum [?]=? *9=us oi=omni French scd'm=secundum ppl'o=populo *lucham=Lucam *C3=sed qd'=quud os=omnas - Spanish minuscle A=a

2-2 loops - an orthodox gothic a formed as we have seen for this century (14th) in 2 parallel downward strokes, crossed lightly just above the middle.

-made with 2 vertical strokes + a horizontal third stroke

64 Sept. '77 Argonaut $10.00

Juan de Torqusmade (Italian) Johannes de Turrecremata Cardinal (Spain 1388 - Rome 1468) Quaestiones Evangeliorum de tempore et de sanctis Cologne: [Petrus in Altis (Bergmann?), de Olpe 23 Aug. 1478] f0 h1 (of 8) Goff T545 HC 15710 Pr. 1233 Voullieme 689. BMC I252 (IB 4207) Cop: HEHL; Univ N. Carolina L. quarter of book - this page (just past [crossed out] middle [end crossed out] first)

[ab6; c-y A-M8 N06] 280 leaves, I + 13 blank. 2 columns, 38 lines 203x134mm Type 185 [inserted] larger type of the same kind as Bartholomaeus de Unkel's Type 2 Quintell 1st press 102.[end inserted] 2, 3 + 6 line spaces left for capitals.

A useful book for preachers providing the biblical bacground + moral themes of each feast day arranged according to the calendar. 1st printed in 1477. This printer's first book is Michael de Dalen, Casus summarii decretalium, 18 Dec 1476; his last J. de Turrecremata, Questiones euangeliorum 23 Aug. 1478. THe printers extant productions number only 10 in all.

his first important book - Turrecremata, Johannus de De efficacia aquae benedictae (Augsburg, Sorg 1476?) Expositio super tot0 poalterio (Mainz, Schoeffer 1474) $2000 [1977] Meditationes seu (or) Contemplationes devotiesimae De Potestate Papae et Concilii Generalis

Quaestiones Goff T553 [Basel: Johann Amerbach, not after 1484] f0 Cop: Stan UL HC 15714 BMC II 747 194 leaves

- THomas de Torguemada - Spanish inquisitor (1420-98). - Dominican cardinal, illustrious theologian, defender of papal authority against the conciliarists at Basel - was an older kinsmen of (uncle) the chief inquisitor - wrote his chief work 1448-9 Summa de ecclesia defending the Church against both heretics + conciliarists - recieved the title "Defensor fidei" from Pope Eugenius IV.

Cologne - Printers Bartholomaeus de Unkel Johannes de Bell Hermann Bumgert Connelis de Zierikzee Goiswin Gopa Nicolaus Gotz

* Johann Guldenschaff * " Koelhoff elder + younger " Landen * Ludwig von Renchen Martin " " * Petris in Altis, de Olpe just East of COlogne * Heinrich Quintell (Basel) * Johann Solidi Gerardus ten Raem Arnold then Hoernos Peter the Hoernen

* Conrad Winters * Ulrich Zel

A. Hind The 1st book illustrations, cut on wood, in Italy, appeared in the edition of Turrecremata's Meditationes, printed at Rome by Holrich Han in 1467. Cardinal Turrecremata, the Abbot of the Benedictine Monastery of St. Scholastica of Subiaco, was no doubt partly responsible for the introduction of printing in Italy for it was in his convent that Sweynheyn + Pannertz set up their first press. (1464.)

Turrecremata was born + educated at Vallsdolid, joined the Dominican Order + distinguished himeslf. He took his Doctor's defree at Paris in 1432 + after teaching there for some time became prior of the Dominican house in Valladolid + later in Toledo. At the Council of Basel he was one of the ablest supporters of the Roman auia + was new aarded with a cardinal's hat in 1439. In 1455 Pope Callistus III made him abbot of Subiaco outside Rome.

HEHL #104292 Rubricated in red + blue in (large initials only) my leaf h1 (of 8) marked folio 53 A in my leaf is much more elegant. bound in with Huntington copy #104293 Albertus Trottus COlogne ca 1478 Potrus de Olpe.

Strassburg: R Press type I (? J. Mentelin and/or Adolf Rusch).

No date earlier than 1473 is known for any (Goff) edition from this press. The R-Press's Latin Bible + other Royal folios contain several paper stocks which cannot be taken back earlier than about 1473. Thus, R-Press tyep 1 is not the first roman, nor even the first roman in Germany (being preceded by Gunther Zainer's 3:107 R, which existed by the end of 1471; and by the Lauingen printer's type, 1472 (Goff A-1224) The identification of the R Printer as A. Rusch is based on a letter from the city council of Mentelin + his son in law Rusch as printers of a Vincent of Beauvais Speculum Doctrinale (Goff V 278). But that letter a) applies to R-Press type 2, used 1475-78, but not necessarily to type 1, used 1473-75; b) does not establish Rusch as a printer independent of Mentelin.

Catalogue Book of Common Prayer James R. Page Z 7813 P13f Ref.

#14 Charles II (1650-1685) The year 1660 brought Charles II to the throne + the book of Common Prayer again into good grace; the long discarded works were heard once more in the House of Lords, on the occasion of a thanksgiving on May 10. But despite a king who had "declared a liberty to tended consciences," there were differences between Presbyterian divines + Church of England bishops to be resolved before the Prayer Book was to be presented in a revised form sanctioned by Lords, Commons + King. The great Savoy confrence was to convene + subsequently some 100 alternations were to be made in the Book. Then on May 19 1662 Charles gave his royal assent. For the next 291 years (1955) the Book of Common Prayer according to the use of the Church of England has remained virtually unaltered.

A curious convention had grown up around the evangelists. The 1st chapter of the Book of Exekiel gives a glowing account of a vision in which the prophet saw 4 living creatures + 2 wheels - a wheel within a wheel - controlled from Heaven by the spirit of the Lord. The 4 living creatures reappear in the Book of Revelation, + the early Fathers of the Church tried hard to understand what they were supposed to mean. One hit on the idea that they corresponded to the 4 envangelists. Their faces, we are told, were those of a man, a loin, an on + an eagle. Now this Gospel of Matthew begins with the visit of an angel, who would have the face of a man. Mark leads off with "a voice crying in the wilderness" - the lion perhaps. Luke starts with a preiest offering up a sacrifice - usually taking the form of a calf or an ox. John says "In the beginning was the Word" - the winged Word, the eagle. All very artificial + hardly convincing; but the idea took such firm hold in Christian art that the 4 living creaters were set as symbols, each alongside its own evangelist, for more than 1500 years.

Gart der Gusundheit (1485) - an immense advance on its predecessors. Choulant described it as 'the most imporntant medieval work on natural history.' 400 woodcuts - they were so superior to the debased copies of the Dioscoridean originals that A. Klebs called them the greatest single step ever made in the art of botanical illustration - it is one of the longest German texts of its time + preserves much folklore + tradition, besides giving insight into dialects + aspects of the language that would otherwise be lost.

The Hebrew Text of the Old Testament had been preserved naturally enough by the Jews themselves. The earliest text of the New Testamnent is in Greek; not because Christ + his apostles spoke + wrote in Greek but because as a result of conquests of Alexander the Great, it was the common language of the Near East. In addition, one of the earliest + most important texts of the Old Testament, the Septuagint is also in Greek. During the Middle Ages virtually the only [corssed out] old [end crossed out] biblical text generally available was the Vulgate the translation into Latin by St. Jerome in about 400 A.D.

The English secretary alphabet - the style of penmanship used by Shakespeare Edmund Spenser's allegorical epic The Faerie Queene, London 1589. The greatest non dramatic poem of the English Renaissance Christopher Saxon (Atlas of England + Wales, London ca 1579 -England's 1st major cartographer. The poem Venus + Adonis - Shakespeare's 1st published work (1593) 1st printed play - Titus Adronicus 1594. The [inserted] over 200 copies survive [end inserted] 1st folio contains the most authoritative texts of most of Shakespeare's plays + the only surviving texts of half including Macbeth

The St. Gregory Hymnal + Catholic Choir Book - S.C. 783 M76 (Mass of the Slaessed Virgin Mary) Cum jubilo #12 In festis B. Mariae Virginis No IX Kyrie XII C, from the Vatican Graduale Kyrie eleison X3 Christe eleison X3 Gregorian Kyrie eleison X3 Gloria XI C. Melody Gloria in excelsis Deo. Et in Tera pax hominibus bonae volents tis Laudamus te. Bene dicimus te. Adoramuste. Glorificamus te. Gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam. Domine Deus, Rex Coaelestis, Deus Pater omipotens Domine Fili unigenite Jesu Christe. Domine Deus, Agorus Dei, Filius Patris. Qui Tollis Peccata mundi: miserera nobis. Qui tollis peccata mundi: suscipe deprecationem nostram. Qui se des ad dexteram Patris, miserere nobis. Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Tu solus Dominus. Tu solus Altissimus, Jesu Christe. Sum Sancto Spiritu, in gloria Dei Patris. Amen. Credo

An antiphonary consists of 3 sections: the gradual the responsorial + the antiphonaru proper. Later the gradual was made seperate. The antiphonary proper is in three parts: the "antiphonarium diurnale" with the canticles sung at the daytime offices throughout the year, the "antiphonarium Vesperale" with the parts of the breviary sung at Vespers, + the "antiphonarium nocturnale" with the canticles for the night time offices.

Bodleian - Liturgical Manuscripts Z. 5948 M 609 The Western notation of the early Middle Ages consists of a system of accent - the stroke (/ virge) the dot (. punctum) + the comma (' apostrophus) all of which had melodic significance. Combinations of these signs into figures are called neams. Each neam, therefore represented more than one note + indicates the connection between them the variations in the voice, the general direction of the melodic movement but not the exact pitch.

Beneventan Script - South Italian Minuscle - Visigothic had no part in the formation of Beneventan script - it was not affected by the Cluniac reform -in its lond + slow development there seems to be no sudden inovations traceable to foreign influences - in turn, it must be said that the Beneventan left no mark on other scripts. -Complete fulfilment in the 11th C -decline + disintegration in the 13th C.

the main pause is indicated by 2 points + a comma (i) the form of the sign being typical of the 10th C MSS The the mere point or the point surrounded by an oblique hook (!) is used for ledder pauses [? ?] = tm

Psalm IX in the Roman Breviary is divided into 2 psalms in the King James Version. The numbers thus differ, up to Psalm CXLVII in the Protestant Bible, which is divided into 2 in the Roman versiton. THe last 3 psalms are thus similarly numbered in both versions.